Ilex umbellulata (Wall.) Loes.

Species

Angiosperms > Aquifoliales > Aquifoliaceae > Ilex

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, evergreen, 4-15(-18) m tall; trunk to 40 cm d.b.h. Young branchlets brown or castaneous, glabrous, plicate, angular; older branchlets gray, terete, plicate, with raised leaf scars; terminal buds conical, small, glabrous. Stipules subulate-triangular, minute; petiole 1-1.2 cm, adaxially sulcate, glabrous; leaf blade olivaceous, opaque on both surfaces, oblong or ovate-oblong, 7-15 × (3.5-)5-6 cm, papery, membranous when young, midvein impressed adaxially, lateral veins 9-12 pairs, slightly raised abaxially, evident adaxially, anastomosing near margin, reticulate veins distinct on both surfaces, base rounded or obtuse, margin entire, narrowly recurved, apex abruptly acuminate or obtuse. Inflorescences: cymes of order 3-5, umbelliform, solitary, axillary on basal parts of current year’s branchlets, appearing paniculate when branchlets fail to develop. Male inflorescences: 6-20(-30)-flowered; peduncles 1.8-2.5 cm, puberulent; pedicels 3-5 mm, puberulent; bracteoles basal, deltoid, puberulent, apex acute; flowers white, 4-or 5-merous; calyx patelliform, ca. 2 mm in diam., puberulent, deeply 4-or 5-lobed, lobes ovate, ciliate; corolla rotate, ca. 5 mm in diam., petals oblong, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, basally slightly connate; stamens equaling or slightly longer than petals, anthers ovoid-oblong; rudimentary ovary shorter than petals. Female flowers: sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovoid, style present, stigma 4-or 5-lobed. Fruit red, globose, 5-7 mm in diam.; peduncles 1-2 cm, slightly stout, longitudinally angular and sulcate, puberulent; fruiting pedicel 3-5 mm, puberulent; persistent calyx explanate, ca. 4 mm in diam., puberulent, lobes semicircular, ciliate; persistent stigma thickly discoid, center depressed, rotate-lobed; pyrenes 6-10, oblong, ca. 4 mm, 1-1.5 mm in diam., abaxially longitudinally 2-or 3-striate and 1-or 2-sulcate, laterally smooth, endocarp woody. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Jul-Nov.
More
An evergreen shrub or tree. It grows 4-15 m tall. The trunk is 40 cm across. The leaves are olive green and 7-15 cm long by 5-6 cm wide. Male and female flowers are separate. The fruit are round and red. They are 5-7 mm across.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature width (meter) 0.4
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 15.0
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. In southern China it grows in evergreen broad-leaved forests between 500-1,700 m above sea level. In Yunnan.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The leaves are eaten fresh with chilli sauce or boiled.
Uses medicinal
Edible fruits leaves
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Distribution

Ilex umbellulata world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, India, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Ilex umbellulata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83833-1
WFO ID wfo-0000729910
COL ID 3PG2D
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ilex sulcata Ehretia umbellulata Ilex umbellulata Pseudehretia umbellulata Ilex godajam var. sulcata Ilex umbellulata var. megalophylla