Indigofera colutea (Burm.F.) Merr.

Rusty indigo (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Indigofera

Characteristics

Prostrate to erect annual or short-lived perennial herb 0.1-0.9 m tall, often woody below. Stems many-branched from base, ribbed at first becoming terete below, strigose, with hairs appressed or spreading at tips, ± densely covered with slender, 0.2-1.2(3) mm long, erect, minutely gland-tipped, yellowish multicellular hairs, plant strongly aromatic. Stipules 1.5-5 mm long, linear-lanceolate, spreading to reflexed. Leaves pinnately (5)7-11 (15)-foliolate; leaf axis 15-60(70) mm long including petiole of (6)8-21 mm, usually prolonged 1-5(7) mm beyond lateral leaflets; stipels 0.5-1.5 mm long, filiform, falling early; terminal leaflet 5-14(21) x 2-4(8.5) mm, oblanceolate, obovate or elliptic to oblong, 1.5-4 times as long as wide, laterals often more narrowly elliptic-oblong, finely strigose with ± equally and unequally biramous hairs spreading at tips above, diverging at an acute angle from midrib, coarsely appressed strigose beneath (mixed small and larger hairs); margins fringed with short gland-tipped hairs to 0.2 mm long. Raceme (1)2-6(9) cm long, ± equal to twice subtending leaf length, including peduncle of 4-12(16) mm, 7-20-flowered; bracts 1-1.5 mm long, linear-lanceolate, falling early; pedicels 0.5-1 mm long. Calyx 1.5-3 mm long, densely strigose; lobes linear-lanceolate, 3-5 times tube length. Corolla c. 4 mm long, pink to carmine-red, back of standard whitish pubescent; keel densely strigose to pilose distally, apex obtuse. Stamens 3-4 mm long, exceeding calyx. Style 1-1.6 mm long, slightly curved upwards directly from pod apex. Pod 10-24 x 1.6-2 mm, straight, cylindrical, spreading, whitish strigillose with hairs spreading at tips, densely covered with erect, gland-tipped hairs 0.2-0.6 mm long; style-base persistent, thickened at base, forming a short beak; endocarp spotted with tannin deposits. Seeds 6-14, 1-1.5 x 1-1.2 mm, quadrangular-cylindrical to globose, khaki, orange or brown, sometimes mottled, pitted or smooth.
More
Herbs, annual or perennial, procumbent or prostrate. Stems with brown gland-tipped trichomes and appressed white medi­fixed symmetrically 2-branched trichomes. Stipules linear, 3-4 mm, with appressed medifixed trichomes. Leaves 1.5-4 cm, (5-)9-or 11-foliolate; petiole and rachis with appressed medi­fixed trichomes and gland-tipped trichomes; petiole 7-10 mm; stipels absent; leaflet blades opposite, elliptic to narrowly ellip­tic, 4-14(-18) × 1.5-4(-8) mm, both surfaces with appressed white medifixed trichomes and gland-tipped trichomes, second­ary veins not visible, base cuneate, apex obtuse and minutely mucronate. Racemes (1-)2-6(-8) cm, laxly flowered; bracts linear, ca. 1 mm. Peduncles and pedicels with appressed medi­fixed trichomes and gland-tipped trichomes. Pedicel ca. 0.5 mm. Calyx ca. 1.2 mm, with spreading medifixed trichomes and gland-tipped trichomes; tube ca. 0.5 mm; teeth linear, ca. 0.7 mm, apex apiculate. Calyces and staminal tubes persistent. Corolla red; standard obovate, ca. 4 mm, outside hairy; wings linear-oblong; keel narrowly obovate. Stamens 3-4 mm; an­thers globose, glabrous, apex mucronate. Ovary linear, densely hairy; style short, glabrous. Legume cylindric, 1.1-2 cm × 1.5-2 mm, with small spreading medifixed trichomes and gland-tipped trichomes; endocarp red blotched. Seeds 9-12 per leg­ume, dark brown, cubic, ca. 1 × 1 mm. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Dec. 2n = 16.
Erect annual or short-lived perennial herb, 0.1–0.5 m high; young stems ridged, strigose or hirsute with dense to very dense, appressed, equally biramous hairs and usually with dense, spreading, gland-tipped hairs (occasionally absent). Leaves pinnate, to 3.5 cm long, with 7–15 (–21) leaflets; stipules subulate, 1–3 (–5) mm long, pubescent; petiole 3–10 (–16) mm long; rachis furrowed; leaflets opposite, discolorous, elliptic to obovate, 2.5–9 (–13.5) mm long, 1–4 (–7.5) mm wide, apex obtuse or acute and shortly mucronate. Inflorescences 15–50 (–90) mm long, shorter to longer than leaves; peduncle 4–8 (–14) mm long; bracts ovate to linear, 0.5–1.5 (–3) mm long; pedicel 0.2–1.3 (–2.5) mm long; flowers red. Calyx 1.5–2.8 mm long, with subequal lobes longer than the length of the tube, clothed with moderately dense, white, appressed hairs. Standard obovate to elliptic, 2.5–4.2 mm high, 2–2.8 mm wide. Wings narrowly obovate or spathulate, 3.2–4.6 mm long, 0.7–1.2 mm wide. Keel 3–5 mm long, 1–1.5 mm deep; apex rounded or acute; lateral pockets 0.5–0.7 mm long. Staminal tube (1.5–) 2–3 mm long, colourless. Ovary moderately hairy, glandular hairs rarely visible. Pods ascending or spreading, terete, 10–25 mm long, 1.5–2 mm deep, brown, tomentose to strigose; hairs moderately dense to dense, appressed and glandular; apex shortly pointed; endocarp spotted; seeds 7–13 per fruit.
Erect or spreading annual or short-lived perennial herb, 10–90 cm. tall, covered throughout, but not densely, with white appressed or spreading biramous hairs and in most parts also with erect multicellular glandular hairs which are up to 1.2 (rarely 2 or 3) mm. long on the stems and up to 0.5 or 0.6 mm. on the pods and which occur on the leaflet-margins as well as on the leaf-rhachis.. Stipules linear-lanceolate, spreading, up to 4 mm. long; leaf-rhachis prolonged beyond the lateral leaflets, up to 7 cm. long, including a petiole longer than the basal leaflets; leaflets 9–11 or rarely up to 15, elliptic-oblong, 2–3 times as long as wide, up to 14 mm. long and 4 mm. wide.. Racemes 7–20-flowered, about as long as or shorter than the subtending leaf, the peduncle up to 7 or 12 mm. long, much shorter than the rest of the rhachis.. Calyx deeply divided, 0.4–0.7 times as long as the filaments which are 3–3.5, or rarely 4 mm. long.. Corolla white pubescent outside.. Style 1.2–1.6 mm. long, slightly curved, sloping upwards at about 45° from the somewhat thickened base.. Pod spreading, straight, up to 18 or occasionally 23 mm. long, ±1.8 mm. wide, more or less densely covered with erect multicellular hairs which are not above 0.5 or 0.6 mm. long, 8–14-seeded; endocarp spotted.. Fig. 41/1–14.
A half woody, viscid, branching herb, about 18 in. high.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grassland; cultivations; open spots in bushland; especially on sandy soil; sandy muddy soil; grassy formation with Schoenefeldia gracilis; rocky places; deciduous woodland or bushland; at elevations up to 1,500 metres.
More
In Australia, recorded from sand dunes, grassy plains, roadsides or in open forest or woodland on soils derived from a wide range of substrates.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses dye medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Indigofera colutea unspecified picture

Distribution

Indigofera colutea world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Botswana, China, Cabo Verde, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:499156-1
WFO ID wfo-0000191247
COL ID 3PLX9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629902
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Indigofera colutea Indigofera multifoliata Indigofera lateria Galega colutea Galega colutea

Lower taxons

Indigofera colutea var. colutea Indigofera colutea var. somalensis