Indigofera spicata Forssk.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Indigofera

Characteristics

Prostrate perennial herb, to 0.5 m high; young stems ± flattened and ridged, green or yellowish, strigose with sparse, appressed, equally biramous hairs. Leaves pinnate, with 5–7 leaflets; stipules triangular with scarious margins, (2.5–) 3.5–5.5 (–6.5) mm long, glabrescent; petiole 2–6 mm long; rachis furrowed; multicellular hairs absent; stipellae absent or inconspicuous; leaflets alternate, obovate, (3–) 4–11 (–16) mm long, 2.5–8 (–10) mm wide, upper surface dull green, glabrous or with sparse, appressed hairs, lower surface green with sparse to moderately dense, appressed hairs, apex obtuse and shortly mucronate. Inflorescences 30–65 (–80) mm long, longer than leaves; peduncle 15–20 (–25) mm long; bracts triangular, with scarious margins, 1.2–2 mm long; pedicel 0.3–0.7 mm long; flowers pink to orange-red. Calyx 2–3 mm long; lobes subequal, longer than the length of the tube, covered with sparse to moderately dense, white, appressed hairs. Standard obovate, 3.8–4.9 mm long, 2.5–3.7 mm wide; apex obtuse. Wings oblong to spathulate, 3.7–4.5 mm long, 0.5–1.1 mm wide. Keel 3.9–4.4 mm long, 1–1.3 mm deep; lateral pockets 0.3–0.5 mm long; apex acute. Staminal tube 2.3–3.2 mm long, colourless. Ovary moderately to densely hairy. Pods descending, terete (often torulose when young), 10–18 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, yellowish, strigose to glabrescent; hairs sparse, appressed; apex shortly pointed (to 0.5 mm long); endocarp not spotted; seeds cuboid, 4–8 per fruit, 1.3–1.6 mm long, 1–1.4 mm wide.
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Prostrate or ascending herb with a thick perennial rootstock; stems ridged, somewhat flattened, sparingly appressed strigulose, as are the leaf-rhachides and inflorescences.. Stipules broadly scarious at the base, tapering to a subulate tip, appressed strigulose, glabrescent at the margins; rhachis flattened, up to 3 cm. long, including a petiole of 1–3 mm., prolonged up to 3 mm. beyond the lateral leaflets; leaflets 5–11, most often 7, cuneate-obovate or cuneate-oblong, apiculate, varying greatly in size, ± 3 mm. long in reduced forms, ±10 mm. in average plants and up to 30 mm. in stout forms, usually strigulose on both surfaces, or, rarely, glabrous above.. Racemes densely many-flowered, the fertile portion 2 or more times as long as the 1–4 cm. long peduncle; bracts brownish, lanceolate, caducous; pedicels ± 0.5 mm. long.. Calyx appressed strigose, 2–3 mm. long, divided almost to the base.. Corolla sparsely strigulose outside.. Stamens 3–4 mm. long.. Style ± 1 mm. long, bent upwards near the base.. Fruit reflexed, straight or slightly downcurved, slightly tetragonal, strigulose, apiculate, often torulose when immature, 11–18 mm. long, ± 1.7 mm. wide and 2 mm. thick; endocarp not spotted.. Seeds 5–8, subglobular, yellow, smooth.. Fig. 46/17.
Perennial herb with ± prostrate stems to 0.8 m long. Stems flattened or angular, sparsely appressed strigose, arising from a woody rootstock or sometimes from old stem bases, forming large dense mats. Stipules 4-9(20) x up to 2 mm wide, triangular-lanceolate, broadly scarious at base, midrib mostly prominent, continuing as a setaceous tip. Leaves pinnately (3)5-8(9)-foliolate; leaf axis 7-28(40) mm long, including petiole of 1-3(9) mm, stipels present; terminal leaflet (4)8-26(29) x 4-13(15) mm, obovate-cuneate or elliptic, densely appressed strigillose above and beneath, sometimes glabrescent above. Racemes 4-10(14) cm long, including peduncle of 10-25(70) mm; bracts 1-3(5) mm long, lanceolate or ± trowel-shaped; pedicels 0.5-1 mm long. Calyx (2.5)3-4(5) mm long, densely strigose to subsericeous, ± equal or slightly exceeding stamens; lobes narrowly lanceolate-subulate, 2-3 times as long as tube. Keel apex ± acute. Stamens 2.8-3.5(4) mm long. Pod (10)13-23(30) x 1.5-2.5 mm, deflexed to spreading, subcylindrical to 4-angled, ± constricted at intervals when young, straight, densely appressed strigose becoming sparse later, drying straw-coloured. Seeds 4-10, 1.5-2 x 1.2-1.5 mm, ± squarish to globular, dark orange to blackish brown.
A herb. The stems lie along the ground and are 80 cm long. The stems are angular or flattened. The leaves are compound. There are many flowers in a group. The pods can be curved. They are 11-18 mm long and 1.7 mm wide. There are 5-8 seeds. They are yellow.
Suberect or prostrate herb, woody below
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.35
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Disturbed grasslands, cultivated areas and waste places; at elevations up to 2,700 metres.
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Recorded from open, disturbed areas, particularly grassy areas like lawns.
A weed of disturbed ground sometimes cultivated.
It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food dye environmental use food forage material medicinal poison vertebrate poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Indigofera spicata habit picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Indigofera spicata leaf picture by Hem B (cc-by-sa)
Indigofera spicata leaf picture by Chris Griggs (cc-by-sa)
Indigofera spicata leaf picture by jim seychelles (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Indigofera spicata flower picture by Pierre Jeanjean (cc-by-sa)
Indigofera spicata flower picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)
Indigofera spicata flower picture by pedrogc -- (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Indigofera spicata world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Burundi, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Comoros, Dominica, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Hong Kong, Indonesia, India, Japan, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:500027-1
WFO ID wfo-0000195409
COL ID 3PMNN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629904
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Indigofera spicata

Lower taxons

Indigofera spicata var. spicata Indigofera spicata var. brevicarpa