Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth

Tall morning-glory (en), Liseron pourpre (fr), Ipomée pourpre (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Convolvulaceae > Ipomoea

Characteristics

Herbaceous annual. Stems twining, with short hairs mixed with longer retrorse bristles. Leaves broadly ovate or orbicular in outline, entire or 3-lobed, 4-15 by 2½-12 cm, cordate at the base with broadly rounded basal lobes, shortly acuminate at the apex; upper and lower surface with short bristly hairs; petiole 2-15 cm, retrorsely hirsute. Inflorescences axillary; peduncle shorter or longer than the petiole, with retrorse bristles, 3-18 cm, one-to few-flowered at the apex. Pedicels 8-15 mm, recurved in bud, afterwards erect, finally recurved again, in fruit up to 20 mm. Bracts linear or filiform, to 7 mm long. Sepals about equal in length, ca 10-15 mm, in fruit to 20 mm, three outer ones herbaceous or sepal 3 with a narrow scarious margin, oblong, slightly narrowed at the base, acute at the apex, with bristly, patent hairs in the basal portion, glabrous towards the apex; two inner ones herbaceous with narrow scarious margins, linear-oblong to linear, acute. Corolla funnel-shaped, 5-6 cm long, glabrous; limb inside purple-blue with reddish midpetaline bands, outside often paler; tube much paler to white. Stamens and style included; filaments at the base with long hairs. Ovary glabrous, 3-celled. Capsule globular, glabrous, 3-celled, with thin straw-coloured wall. Seeds 6 or less, glabrous or sparsely pilose at the hilum.
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Fibrous-rooted annual. Stems twining, with retrorse hairs, tawny hirsute when young, otherwise smooth. Petioles long, sometimes > lamina, with retrorse hairs. Lamina 5-16-(18) × 4.5-11-(13) cm, broad-ovate, entire or nearly so, occasionally with lobes near base, with appressed hairs at least on veins; base cordate with rounded sinus; apex acute or abruptly acuminate. Cymes axillary, few-flowered; peduncles 5-10 cm long with dense retrorse hairs; pedicels variable but < peduncles, with dense retrorse hairs. Bracts narrow-linear, < pedicels. Calyx 1.3-1.6 cm long; sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, the lower part densely covered with stiff and bulbous-based hairs. Corolla c. 5 cm long and 5-6 cm diam. across limb, funnelform; basal part of tube pink; remainder of corolla violet-purple except for dark reddish purple mid-petaline bands. Stamens included, the longest c. 2.5 cm long; filaments hairy towards base. Style > stamens. Capsule globular, glabrous; beak inconspicuous. Seeds < 7 mm long, glabrous, dark.
Herbs annual, twining; axial parts short pubescent and long retrorse hirsute. Stems 2-3 m. Petiole 2-12 cm; leaf blade circular-ovate or broadly ovate, 4-18 X 3.5-16.5 cm, ± strigose, base cordate, margin entire or ± 3-lobed, apex acute or ± abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences 1-5-flowered; pedun-cle 4-12 cm; bracts linear, 6-7 mm, spreading hirsute. Pedicel recurved before and after anthesis, 1.2-1.5 cm. Sepals subequal, 1.1-1.6 cm, spreading hirsute abaxially in basal 1/2; outer 3 oblong, apex acuminate; inner 2 linear-lanceolate. Corolla red, reddish purple, or blue-purple, with a fading to white center, funnelform, 4-6 cm, glabrous. Stamens included, unequal; filaments pubescent basally. Pistil included; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed. Stigma 3-lobed. Capsule subglobose, 9-10 mm in diam., 3-valved. Seeds black or straw colored, ovoid-trigonous, glabrous or hilum sparsely pilose. 2n = 30, 32.
Herbaceous annual. Stems trailing or twining, glabrous to retrorsely hairy. Leaves broadly ovate to suborbicular, 40-150 x 25-120 mm, entire or very rarely 3-lobed, apex acuminate, base cordate with rounded auricles, hairy to glabrous on both surfaces; petiole retrorsely hairy, 20-150 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, cymosely 1-to few-flowered; peduncle hairy, 30-180 mm long; bracteoles linear, up to 7 mm long; pedicels hairy, up to 20 mm long in fruit. Sepals unequal, 10-15 mm long, up to 20 mm in fruit, acute, with bristly patent hairs in basal portion, outer ones oblong, inner ones ± linear. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 50-60 mm long, ±60 mm wide, white, pink, magenta, reddish purple or purplish blue with paler tube and distinct midpetaline areas. Capsule globose, ±10 mm wide, glabrous. Seeds subglabrous, black.
Annual herb; glabrous or retrorsely hairy. Stems trailing or twining. Leaves broadly ovate to suborbicular, 40-150 x 25-120 mm, base of blade cordate with rounded auricles, apex acuminate, margin entire, hairy to glabrous on both surfaces; petioles 20-150 mm long. Flowers: peduncle 1-few-flowered; calyx lobes unequal, outer ones oblong, inner ones ± linear, 10-15 mm long, apices acute, with bristly patent hairs on basal portion; corolla 50-60 mm long, ± 60 mm in diameter, white, pink, magenta, reddish purple or purplish blue with paler tube, distinct midpetaline bands; Nov.-May. Fruit a globose, glabrous capsule; seeds glabrescent.
Glabrous to retrorsely hairy, herbaceous annual. Stems trailing or twining. Leaves broadly ovate to suborbicular, 40-150 mm, entire, base cordate, apex acuminate; petioles 20-150 mm long. Inflorescence 1-few-flowered; peduncle 30-180 mm long; bracteoles linear, up to 7 mm long; pedicels up to 20 mm long in fruit. Sepals unequal, 10-20 mm long, bristly patent hairs basally, oblong to linear. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 50-60 mm long, white, pink to purple-blue with paler tube and distinct midpetaline areas. Flowering time Nov.-May. Fruit a globose, glabrous capsule, 10 mm wide. Seeds glabrous, black.
Annual herb.. Stems glabrous or bristly-pubescent, trailing or twining.. Leaf-blade ovate, entire or 3-lobed, 7.5 cm. long and wide, acuminate at the apex, cordate at the base, glabrous or pubescent; petiole 7.5–9 cm. long.. Flowers solitary or in few-flowered cymes; peduncle up to 12 cm. long; pedicels 1.3–2.5 cm. long.. Sepals lanceolate, 1.3–1.6 cm. long, 1.5–4.5 mm. wide, usually not conspicuously attenuated at the apex, bristly below, finely pubescent all over.. Corolla white, pink or magenta; tube white below, 4.5 cm. long.. Capsule 1.1 cm. in diameter, glabrous, 3-locular.
Vines; stems slender and herbaceous, annual, pilose or hirsute with spreading trichomes. Leaves broadly ovate to cordate, 2-10 cm long, entire or trilobate, pubescent on both surfaces. Flowers in 1-5-flowered cymose clusters on pedun-cles usually longer than the petioles; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 8-16 mm long, apically abruptly acute, hirsute on the basal portion; corolla blue, purple, pink, or with stripes of these colors on a white background, throat white, 3-5 cm long. Fruits capsular, depressed-globose, 10 mm in diameter; seeds black, pyriform, glabrous.
Annual; stems pubescent, to 5 m; lvs round-cordate to ovate-cordate, entire (very rarely 3-lobed), abruptly short-acuminate or merely apiculate, glabrous to sparsely hairy; peduncles nearly or quite equaling the subtending petioles, 1–5-fld; sep lance-ovate to oblong, acute or acuminate, hirsute toward the base, commonly 10–15 mm; cor blue, purple, white, or variegated, 4–6 cm; ovary 3-locular; stigma 3-lobed; 2n=30. Native of trop. Amer., escaped from cult. and now a weed in fields, roadsides, and waste places in much of our range. July–Sept. (Pharbitis p.)
Flowers solitary or in few-flowered cymes; peduncle up to 15 cm. long; pedicels shortly hairy or with a few bristles, 8–15 mm. long; Sepals unequal, 10–15 mm. long, accrescent up to 20 mm. long in fruit; outer ones oblong, acute with bristly patent hairs in basal portion; inner ones with narrow scarious margins, linear-oblong to linear, acute with a few bristles near the base.
Trailing or twining annual herb. Leaves ovate to sub-circular in outline, entire or 3-lobed, base cordate with broadly rounded auricles, apex acuminate. Outer sepals oblong, acute with bristly patent hairs in basal portion; inner ones linear-oblong to linear, acute, 10-15 mm long. Corolla 45-60 mm long. Flowers white, pink or magenta, tube white below.
Leaf lamina ovate to subcircular in outline, entire or 3-lobed, 4–16 × 3–15 cm., the base cordate with broadly rounded auricles, the apex acuminate, glabrous or pubescent; petiole 6·5–15 cm. long, retrorsely hirsute.
A twining herb. It can lie along the ground or climb to 2.5 m high. The leaves are oval and can have 3 lobes. They are 4-16 cm long by 3-15 cm wide. The flowers are white pink or red. They are funnel shaped.
Thinly hairy, vigorous, annual climber to 5 m. Leaves cordate. Flowers purple, sepals thickly hairy beneath, acute.
Stems trailing or twining, glabrous or with short hairs mixed with longer retrorse bristles.
Corolla funnel-shaped, white, pink or magenta 4·5–6 cm. long; tube white below.
Seeds black, glabrous or very shortly pubescent.
Ornamental herbaceous annual.
Capsule globose, glabrous.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 2.5
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in hot arid places often with a marked dry season. It grows between 650-1,680 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 2,000 m above sea level.
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Scrub and waste places. Stream banks, disturbed or waste areas.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Caution: The leaves are purgative.
Uses animal food environmental use fodder food gene source invertebrate food material medicinal poison social use
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Dandruff (fruit), Anti-bacterial agents (seed), Antifungal agents (seed), Laxatives (tuber), Hallucinogen (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Cathartics (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs scarification and soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Ipomoea purpurea habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea habit picture by philoup (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea habit picture by cathy sandoval (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Ipomoea purpurea leaf picture by Pierre Sosson (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea leaf picture by alberi molise (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea leaf picture by vinceandzo (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Ipomoea purpurea flower picture by alexandra cottin (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea flower picture by Anthony Casado (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea flower picture by Rosangela Ferreira Goyos (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Ipomoea purpurea fruit picture by Bracikowski (cc-by-sa)
Ipomoea purpurea fruit picture by Matthias Lotzen (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ipomoea purpurea world distribution map, present in Argentina, American Samoa, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Bhutan, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cyprus, Ecuador, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Equatorial Guinea, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Croatia, India, Italy, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Sri Lanka, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mexico, Malta, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Nicaragua, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Réunion, Romania, Russian Federation, El Salvador, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30043043-2
WFO ID wfo-0001296676
COL ID 6MWFS
BDTFX ID 35864
INPN ID 521639
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Convolvulus hirsutulus Diatrema purpurea Ipomoea intermedia Convolvulus glandulifer Convolvulus intermedius Ipomoea zuccagnii Ipomoea wattii Convolvulus purpureus Ipomoea chanetii Pharbitis hispida Ipomoea purpurea f. triloba Ipomoea mexicana Ipomoea pilosissima Ipomoea hispida Ipomoea affinis Pharbitis diversifolius Ipomoea hirsutula Ipomoea glandulifera Pharbitis purpurea Pharbitis githaginea Convolvuloides leucosperma Convolvuloides purpurea Ipomoea purpurea var. purpurea Ipomoea purpurea var. diversifolia (lindl.) o'donell Pharbitis nil var. diversifolia Ipomoea purpurea