Ipomoea violacea L.

Sea moonflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Convolvulaceae > Ipomoea

Characteristics

Plants perennial, woody, twining, glabrous. Stems to 5 m, often longitudinally wrinkled. Petiole 3.5-11 cm; leaf blade circular or ovate, 5-16 X 5-14 cm, base deeply cordate; lobes rounded or rarely angular, apex acuminate, mucronulate; lateral veins 7 or 8 pairs. Inflorescences 1-to few flowered; peduncle often 2.5-4.5(-7) cm. Pedicel 1.5-3 cm, thickened and clavate in fruit. Flowers nocturnal. Sepals ± circular, equal or outer 2 shorter, 1.5-2.5 cm, thinly leathery, apex obtuse or emarginate, mucronulate, enlarged in fruit and reflexed. Corolla white, with green midpetaline bands, salverform, 9-12 cm; limb 8-10 cm in diam. Stamens included; filaments inserted near base of corolla tube. Pistil included; ovary glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule pale brown, ovoid to ± globose, 2-2.5 cm, glabrous. Seeds black, 1-1.2 cm, densely short tomentose, edges with ca. 3 mm long sericeous hairs. 2n = 30.
More
A tuberous rooted vine with large round leaves. It is a vigorous climber reaching 4-5 m high. The vine is irregular in cross section. The leaves are large and rounded. They are 9-15 cm across. The leaf stalk is 6-12 cm long. The flowers can occur as one or several together. The sepals become large and fleshy in the fruit. The capsule is a large dry one with a fleshy lid and has 4 or less black seeds inside. The seeds are 8 mm long by 12 mm wide.
Corolla salver-shaped or very narrowly funnel-shaped, white and/or pale greenish-yellow, opening about mid-night; tube 7–8·5 cm. long; limb 2–4 × 5–6 cm., Capsule globose, 2–3 cm. in diam.
Flowers usually solitary, rarely in few-flowered cymes; peduncle 0·75–7 cm. long; pedicels 1·5–3 cm. long, becoming much thickened in fruit; bracts small, deciduous.
Leaf lamina circular to ovate, 5–16 × 5–14 cm., acuminate or cuspidate and mucronulate at the apex, deeply cordate at the base; petiole 3·5–8 cm. long.
Seeds subtrigonous more or less 1 cm. long, black, densely short tomentose and with a narrow ridge of longer hairs more or less 3–6 mm. long.
Sepals subequal, elliptic, 1·6–2 cm. long, attaining 3 cm. in fruit, obtuse at the apex, margins hyaline, coriaceous.
Stems twining or prostrate, terete or angular, often longitudinally wrinkled but otherwise smooth, ochraceous.
A glabrous perennial herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.27 - 0.53
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It occurs at low altitudes probably up to 1300 m. It is a plant of the drier open woodland areas. It grows naturally near the beach.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fleshy root is cooked and eaten like a yam.
Uses environmental use food medicinal
Edible leaves roots tubers
Therapeutic use Antiviral agents (aerial part), Psychedelic (unspecified), Psychomimetic (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from top pieces of the fleshy root. They need a trellis or tree for the long vines to climb over. The tubers are harvested when the leaves die back.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Ipomoea violacea flower picture by hugues Cadet (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ipomoea violacea world distribution map, present in American Samoa, French Southern Territories, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Brazil, Barbados, China, Colombia, Comoros, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Algeria, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea-Bissau, French Guiana, Guam, Guyana, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Mayotte, Niue, Panama, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Seychelles, Turks and Caicos Islands, Thailand, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States Minor Outlying Islands, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Samoa, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:270063-1
WFO ID wfo-0001297273
COL ID 6N8GR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445585
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Calonyction comespermum Calonyction macranthum Calonyction muticum Convolvulus muticus Pharbitis violacea Convolvulus catharticus Tereietra violacea Ipomoea comosperma Ipomoea tuba Convolvulus tuba Ipomoea macrantha Calonyction tuba Convolvulus grandiflorus Calonyction grandiflorum Calonyction jacquinii Ipomoea glaberrima Convolvulus longiflorus Ipomoea violacea