Jacaranda mimosifolia D.Don

Black poui (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Bignoniaceae > Jacaranda

Characteristics

Tree to at least 15 m tall and 45 cm d.b.h., the bark gray; branchlets terete. Leaves pinnately bicompound, 15-30 cm long, with 13-31 pinnae, these 1.3-2.1 cm apart on the rachis, each pinna 5-10 cm long with winged rachis and 13-41 sessile leaflets, these 3-12 mm long and 1-4 mm wide, narrowly elliptic, sharply acuminate, the base cuneate, chartaceous, glabrous or slightly puberulous along midrib and margin, the margin slightly revolute. Inflorescence an open terminal panicle, the branches shortly puberulous. Flowers with the calyx reduced, broadly campanulate, 5-denticulate, 1 mm long and 1.5-2 mm wide, subpuberulous at least along margin; corolla purplish-blue with the tube white inside, tubular-campanulate above a slightly narrowed neck which is inconspicuously curved and slightly enlarged toward the base, 3-4 cm long and 0.7-1.2 cm wide at the mouth of tube, the tube 2.4-5.2 cm long, the lobes 0.3-0.5 cm long pubescent outside, especially toward the base, pubescent inside at the level of stamen insertion and sparsely so with long trichomes in the tube; stamens didynamous, the anthers 1-thecate, the second theca reduced to a minute appendage, each theca 2 mm long, the anterior filaments 1.4-1.8 cm long, the posterior filaments 1.1-1.4 cm long, the filaments pubescent below the middle, inserted 1.1-1.2 cm from the base of tube, the staminode 2.0-2.5 cm long, the middle portion and tip glandular-pubescent, inserted 0.9-1.0 cm from the base of the tube; pistil 2.2-2.5 cm long, the ovary flattened-cylindrical 3-3.5 mm long and 1.5-2 mm wide, gla-brous, the ovules 6-8-seriate in each locule; disc short, pulvinate. Capsule com-pressed-orbicular, often shallowly emarginate at the tip and truncate to broadly but shallowly subcordate basally, 3.2-5.8 cm long and 3.7-5.5 cm wide, drying reddish brown, the margins not undulate, seeds thin, 0.9-1.2 cm long and 1.1-1.7 cm wide, the wing more or less surrounding and clearly demarcated from the seed body, hyaline-membranaceous with brownish streaks.
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Tree to at least 15 m tall and 45 cm dbh., the bark gray, the branchlets terete. Leaves bipinnate, 15-30 cm long, with 13-31 pinnae, these 1.3-2.1 cm apart on the rachis, each pinna 5-10 cm long with subwinged rachis and 13-41 sessile leaflets, these 3-12 mm long and 1-4 mm wide, narrowly elliptic, sharply acuminate, the base cuneate, chartaceous, glabrous or slightly puberulous along midrib and margin, the margin slightly revolute. Inflorescence an open terminal panicle, the branches shortly puberulous. Flowers with the calyx reduced, broadly campanulate, 5-denticulate, 1 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, subpuberulous at least along margin; corolla purplish-blue with the tube white inside, tubular-campanulate above a slightly narrowed neck which is conspicuously curved and slightly enlarged toward base, 3-4 cm long, 0.7-1.2 cm wide at mouth of tube, the tube 2.4-5.2 cm long, the lobes 0.3-0.8 cm long, pubescent outside, especially toward the base, pubescent inside at the level of stamen insertion and sparsely so with long trichomes in the tube; stamens didynamous, monothecate, the second theca reduced to a minute appendage, each theca 2 mm long, the filaments pubescent below middle, the staminode 2-2.5 cm long, glandular-pubescent at middle and apex; pistil 2.2-2.5 cm long, the ovary flattened-cylindrical, 2-3.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, glabrous, the ovules 6-8-seriate in each locule; disk short, pulvinate. Fruit a compressed-orbicular capsule, often shallowly emarginate at the tip and truncate to broadly but shallowly subcordate basally, 3.2-6 cm long, 3.7-6 cm wide, drying brownish or tannish, the margins not or very slightly undulate; seeds thin, 0.9-1.2 cm long, 1.1-1.7 cm wide, the wing more or less surrounding and clearly demarcated from seed body, hyaline-membranaceous with brownish streaks.
Tree to 15 m (–20) high, deciduous in early spring. Leaves opposite, bipinnate, (11–) 15–40 (–51) cm long; pinnae (6–) 10–20 (–25) pairs, (2.5–) 5–10 (–14) cm long, opposite or subopposite; pinnules (6–) 12–24 (–28) pairs and a terminal pinnule (often lost on dried specimens), narrowly elliptic or narrowly elliptic-oblong (terminal pinnule often lanceolate), 3–12 (–15) mm long, 1–4 mm wide, thin, paler below, sessile, apex acute to acuminate, margin slightly revolute; petiole to c. 6 cm long, swollen at base. Inflorescence a terminal panicle, calyx narrow-campanulate, corolla tubular-campanulate, blue-purple with a whitish throat, pubescent on the outside, 2–5 cm long, to 2 cm wide. Fruit a woody, orbicular or ovate-oblong compressed, red-brown capsule, to 8 cm long/wide, splitting in two, apex with a mucronate point; seeds surrounded with a membranous wing.
Tree, up to 22 m high; deciduous or semi-deciduous, round spreading crown. Leaves fern-like, bipinnate, dark green turning yellow in autumn or winter, pubescent. Flowers in loose pyramidal sprays, carried on end of leafless branchlets; mauvish blue, rarely white. Corolla tubular-campanulate above narrow base. Flowering time Sept.-Nov. Fruit a woody capsule, broadly oval, flattened, green turning brown, splits open after ± a year. Seeds flat, winged.
Tree, up to 15 m high. Leaves opposite, with 12 or more pinnae, fern-like. Fruit a roundish, compressed capsule. Flowers blue or violet, rarely white.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Recorded from riparian forest, disturbed open forest, eucalypt woodland, edge of rainforest, disturbed areas near settlement, near planted trees, river banks, weedy areas, roadsides.
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Bushland, grassland, wooded ravines and riverbanks.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 6-9
Soil texture 1-2
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Widely cultivated ornamental tree in gardens, streets and parks. White-flowered forms occur in cultivation, e.g. Jacaranda mimosifolia 'Alba' and 'White Christmas'; see Ellison (1999), Spencer (2002). Also has medicinal uses and some uses for its wood. Jacaranda flowers appear as symbols and feature in design, decoration and festivals.
Uses environmental use fuel material medicinal ornamental timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use Diuretics (bark), Kidney diseases (bark), Sexually transmitted diseases (bark), Skin diseases (bark), Syphilis (bark), Wound healing (bark), Astringents (fruit), Lymphadenitis (fruit), Syphilis (fruit), Diuretics (leaf), Kidney diseases (leaf), Sexually transmitted diseases (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Syphilis (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Antifertility (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 29
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 34
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Jacaranda mimosifolia habit picture by Arielle (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia habit picture by yonca ani (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia habit picture by Lola Lola (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf picture by Pastela Paula (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf picture by f v (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf picture by Pazaran Roberto (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Jacaranda mimosifolia flower picture by Philip Dawson (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia flower picture by Pons Serafin (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia flower picture by Nadine Doughan (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Jacaranda mimosifolia fruit picture by Canca (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia fruit picture by gonzalez (cc-by-sa)
Jacaranda mimosifolia fruit picture by corrales José (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Jacaranda mimosifolia world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Congo, Madagascar, Panama, Thailand, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Jacaranda mimosifolia threat status: Vulnerable

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:130936-2
WFO ID wfo-0000778761
COL ID 99NRZ
BDTFX ID 9738
INPN ID 103949
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda ovalifolia Jacaranda chelonia