Justicia carthaginensis Jacq.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Acanthaceae > Justicia

Characteristics

Erect to spreading perennial herb or shrub to 1.5 m tall. Young stem subquadrate to quadrate-multistriate to ± flattened, (± evenly to) bifariously pubescent, soon glabrate. Petiole to 20 mm long; blade lanceolate to ovate to elliptic-ovate, 2-13.5 x 1.5-5 cm, margin entire, acute to acuminate at apex, acute to attenuate at base, both surfaces glabrous or with trichomes along major veins. Inflorescence of dichasia in axils of distal leaves or usually in axils of bracts forming a terminal, sessile, dichasiate spike, 2-7 cm long (excluding flowers), 1.2-2.5 cm in diam. near midpoint (excluding flowers); rachis pubescent; dichasia opposite, 1(-2) per axil, 1-flowered, sessile; bracts opposite, proximal bracts often foliose, those near midspike petiolate, elliptic to obovate to spathulate, 9-16 x 2.5-6.5 mm, apically acute to truncate, subglabrous to moderately hirtellous and ciliate; bracteoles oblanceolate to spathulate, 6-18 x 0.8-6.5 mm, apically rounded to truncate, pubescence similar to that of bracts Flowers sessile to subsessile; calyx 5-lobed, 7-12 mm long, lobes equal, lanceolate, 6.5-11 x 1-1.5 mm, glabrous or hirtellous, and margin ciliate, white; corolla violet to reddish to purple, rarely white, (14-)17-34 mm long, pubescent without, tube (6-)8-18 mm long, 1.5-4.5 mm in diam., upper lip erect, triangular-ovate, 7.5-13 mm long, entire to 2-lobed, lobes 1.3-2.3 mm long, lower lip spreading, 8-17 mm long, lobes 4.5-5 x 3-8 mm, all ovate and apically rounded; stamens exserted 5 mm beyond mouth of corolla tube, anther thecae subequal, subparallel, unequally inserted, upper theca attached to connective 1 mm above basal appendaged lobe; style 13-22 mm long, proximally pubescent, minutely bilobed. Capsule 10-18 x 6 x 3 mm, puberulous, stipe 3-8 mm long, body ovoid to subspheric to ellipsoid-obovoid, 7-10 mm long, often with a slight medial constriction; seeds 4, subspheric, 3-3.5 x 3-3.3 x 1.7-2 mm, puberulous, when mature glabrous, smooth and nitid.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-6
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Justicia carthaginensis flower picture by Frédéric Dupont (cc-by-sa)
Justicia carthaginensis flower picture by Hernández Karen (cc-by-sa)
Justicia carthaginensis flower picture by Hernández Karen (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Justicia carthaginensis world distribution map, present in Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:50468-1
WFO ID wfo-0000354479
COL ID 3QX2Z
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629971
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Justicia lindenii Orthotactus felisbertianus Justicia retusa Justicia charthaginensis Justicia corynimorpha Beloperone violacea Ecbolium heterantherum Ecbolium retusum Adhatoda felisbertiana Amphiscopia retusa Ecbolium felisbertianum Gromovia pulchella Gromovia violacea Justicia sanctae-martae Justicia planchonii Ecbolium carthaginense Adhatoda carthaginensis Adhatoda carthagenensis Justicia spathulata Beloperone carthaginensis Beloperone pulchella Dianthera violacea Adhatoda carthagenensis var. glabra Adhatoda carthagenensis var. minor Beloperone violacea var. pulchella Dicliptera retusa Justicia carthaginensis