Kedrostis foetidissima Cogn.

Species

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae > Kedrostis

Characteristics

Glabrous to densely often glandular-hairy perennial herb climbing or trailing to 2 m., all parts giving out an offensive odour when crushed; stem becoming thickened at the base when older, arising from a tuberous root-stock.. Leaf-blade sagittate, hastate, deltoid, orbicular-cordate, ovate-cordate or pentagonal in outline, ± scabrid, hairy (sometimes densely so, especially beneath), 19–93 mm. long, 13–92 mm. broad, unlobed or palmately 3(–5)-lobed; lobes subtriangular, not or rarely narrowed below; petiole 5–50 mm. long.. Tendrils simple.. Monoecious.. Male flowers 4–11 (rarely fewer) in rather lax fascicles; peduncle filiform, 2–25 mm. long; pedicels filiform, 2–10 mm. long; receptacle-tube campanulate, simply hairy or glandular-hairy, ± 2 mm. long; lobes filiform, 1–2 mm. long; petals yellow, 3.5–4 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. broad; stamens 3; connectives produced dorsally upwards.. Female flowers solitary or paired on 2–5 mm. long stalks, sometimes coaxillary with ♂; ovary beaked, 7–9 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. across, densely glandular-hairy; receptacle-tube campanulate, simply hairy or glandular-hairy, ± 2 mm. long; lobes subulate, 1–2 mm. long; petals ± 4–5 mm. long and 2 mm. broad.. Fruits on 1–14 mm. long stalks, pyriform, usually ± (often long-) beaked, hairy, scarlet, fleshy, 9–27 mm. long, 6–13 mm. across.. Seeds (fig. 23/11, p. 132) pyriform, subcompressed and narrower at the apex, inflated below, smooth, when fresh with a narrow gelatinous marginal wing, 4–6 × 2–4 × 1.5–2 mm.
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Perennial herb; viscid-glandular, foetid when crushed. Stems procumbent or climbing. Tendrils simple. Leaves petiolate; green; blade undivided, ovate to broadly ovate, base cordate, margins faintly 3-5-lobed with short, obtuse lobes; petioles up to 10 mm long. Flowers: male peduncles and pedicels slender, peduncles up to 30 mm long; corolla 2-5 mm long, hairy or papillose-hairy, cream-coloured, yellow or greenish yellow; Dec.-May. Fruit globose, 9-13 mm long, pilose; seeds asymmetrically ovoid, 4.0-5.0 mm long.
A pumpkin family plant. It is a herb and a climber. The tendrils are usually unbranched. It has a strong unpleasant smell. It has a tuberous root. The leaf stalk is 1 cm long. The leaf blade is triangle shaped. It can have shallow lobes. There can be teeth along the edge. Both flower sexes are usually on the same plant. The flowers are a few and in small stalked clusters. Flowers are bell shaped and white. The fruit are fleshy and have a few seeds. The fruit are pear shaped and 3 cm long. They occur singly.
Leaf-lamina 1·6–9 × 1·6–10·2 cm., narrowly to broadly ovate in outline, cordate or subhastate, obscurely sinuate-denticulate to almost entire, rather thin, bright green, rather sparsely to densely shortly finely hispid above and beneath, unlobed or incipiently to moderately deeply palmately 3–5-lobed, central lobe much the largest, ovate to triangular, obtuse to rounded, shortly acuminate, apiculate; petiole 0·4–5·2 cm. long, hispid, glandular.
Scandent or prostrate herb or climber, viscid-glandular and foetid when crushed. Tendrils simple. Male peduncles slender, similar to pedicels. Fruits pilose, ovoid-rostrate to subglobose, 9-13 x 5-7 mm. Seeds asymmetrically ovoid, 4.3-5.1 mm long. Flowers cream, yellow or greenish yellow.
male flowers 3–15 in small axillary fascicles or racemes, rarely solitary; peduncles 4·5–30 mm. long, slender; pedicels 3–14 mm. long. Receptacle-tube 1·5–3·5 mm. long; lobes 0·8–2·5 mm. long, lanceolate-subulate. Petals 2–5 mm. long, cream, yellow or greenish-yellow.
Female flowers solitary; pedicels 1–3·5 mm. long; ovary 2·5–4 × 0·7–1·5 mm., ellipsoid, rostrate, densely finely pilose; receptacle-tube 1·3–2 mm. long; lobes 0·8–1·2 mm. long, triangular-lanceolate to lanceolate-subulate, acute; petals 1·5–3 mm. long.
Fruit 9–13 × 5–7 mm., ovoid to subglobose, rostrate or erostrate, finely pilose, pale green with darker longitudinal lines becoming orange then red when ripe, indehiscent; pedicel 1·5–9 mm. long.
Seeds 4·3–5·1 × 2·8–3·7 × 2–2·2 mm., asymmetrically ovate in outline, smooth, dark-coloured, bordered, rounded at the base, compressed and shortly 2-lobed at the apex.
Stems to 3 m., prostrate or scandent, rather densely crispate-setulose, glandular, when old developing a thin pallid bark.
Flowers monoecious, male and female usually co-axillary.
Rather viscid tuberous-rooted herb, foetid when crushed.
Fruit scarlet or crimson when ripe.
Tuber napiform, with rugose bark.
A climber, up to 8 ft. high
Flowers small, yellowish
An unpleasant smell
Tendrils simple.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 2.44
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in rocky and sandy soils. It needs well-drained soils. It needs shade. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall of 1,100-1,900 mm. In Africa it grows between 50-1,350 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
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Rain-forest and river margins; deciduous and semi-evergreen woodland and dry bushland, wooded grassland; termite mounds; at elevations from sea level to 2,000 metres.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are eaten fresh. They are also used in fish dishes, and relishes. The fruit and leaves are eaten.
Uses animal food food food additive gene source medicinal non-vertebrate poison poison
Edible fruits leaves rhizomes stems tubers
Therapeutic use Demulcent (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Kedrostis foetidissima unspecified picture

Distribution

Kedrostis foetidissima world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Bangladesh, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Pakistan, Rwanda, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Suriname, eSwatini, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292998-1
WFO ID wfo-0000357373
COL ID 3R4CC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Kedrostis obtusiloba Melothria foetida Trichosanthes foetidissima Aechmandra rostrata Bryonia prostrata Bryonia rostrata Rhynchocarpa foetida Rhynchocarpa foetidissima Rhynchocarpa rostrata Cyrtonema convolvulaceum Cyrtonema divergens Cyrtonema foetens Zehneria obtusiloba Kedrostis foetidissima Bryonia foetidissima Bryonia perrottetiana Bryonia pilosa Kedrostis rostrata Rhynchocarpa foetida Melothria foetidissima Kedrostis foetidissima subsp. obtusiloba