Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.

Shortleaf spikesedge (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Kyllinga

Characteristics

Perennials. Rhizomes slender, long creeping, clothed with brown, membranous scales, internodes 1-2.5 cm, with 1 culm at each node. Culms serially arranged, sometimes also laxly tufted, 2-30 cm tall, compressed 3-angled, smooth, base not swollen, with 4 or 5 leaf sheaths. Leaves shorter to slightly longer than culm; sheaths brown, mouth obliquely truncate, apex acuminate, basal 2 bladeless, apical 2 or 3 with a blade; leaf blade 5-15 cm × 2-4 mm, flaccid, flat, midvein and apical margin spinulose. Involucral bracts 3, leaflike, longest erect to oblique or horizontal. Spike 1(-3), globose to ovoid-globose, 5-11 × 4-10 mm, with numerous densely arranged spikelets. Spikelets narrowly oblong-ovoid to narrowly ovoid, ca. 3 × 1 mm, compressed, 1-or 2-flowered. Glumes white and rusty brown maculate or rarely straw-colored, ovate, 2.8-3 mm, keel spinulose or not, veins 2 or 3 on each side of keel, apex with a strict or recurved mucro or not mucronate. Stamens 1-3; anthers linear, ca. 0.7 mm. Style long; stigmas 2, less than 1/2 as long as style. Nutlet obovoid-oblong, 1-1.5 mm, biconvex, densely punctate. Fl. and fr. May-Oct.
More
Rhizome slender (1-2 1/2 mm diam.), elongate, white or greenish-white, covered with membranous, striate scales. Culms 5-30 mm apart, slender, 7-32 mm tall, triangular, glabrous, bases unthickened. Leaves few, equalling or shorter than culms; sheaths membranous, lower 1-2 leafless or briefly laminate; blades 1-3 mm wide, margins and keel scabrid, shortly acuminate. Bracts 3-4, long, erect, later spreading. Inflorescence of 1 spike (rarely 2 or 3), ovoid to ellipsoid, greenish-white, dense. Spikelets numerous, tightly packed, elliptic in outline, 2-3.5 mm long; floret 1, bisexual, rarely 2, lower bisexual, upper male. Fertile glumes 2, membranous, transparent white, lower 7-nerved, upper 3-5-nerved, keel green, scabrid, excurrent into acute recurved mucro (0.2-0.45 mm). Stamens 1 per floret. Style short, far exceeded in length by style branches. Nut 1/2 length of glume; broadly obovate, yellow.
Plants perennial, cespitose or not, long-creeping rhizomatous. Culms sometimes spaced to 3 cm apart, (5–)12–25(–55) cm, smooth. Leaves flat, 2–21 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm. Inflorescences: spikes 1–3, 4–7 × 4 mm; bracts 3–4, longest ± erect, others ascending to horizontal, flat, 1.5–18 cm × 1–3.3 mm. Spikelets (20–)40–60(–100), pale greenish or reddish brown, ovate, (2.2–)2.5–2.8(–3.2) × (0.6–)0.7–0.8(–1.2) mm; floral scales laterally 2–3-veined, elliptic to ovate, 1.8–3 × (0.8–)1.1–1.6 mm, midvein not winged, apex mucronate; stamens (1–)2; anthers 0.8–1.1 mm; style 0.6–1.2 mm; stigmas 0.5–1.5 mm. Achenes brown, substipitate or stipitate, ellipsoid to oblong-ellipsoid, 1–1.2(–1.3) × 0.6–0.8 mm, stipe, if present, 0.1–0.2 mm, apex obtuse to subtruncate, apiculate, papillate.
Similar to K. erecta in the inflorescence but having an elongated slender rhizome
Perennial with rhizomes often elongate; otherwise as in K. pumila,
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.05 - 0.3
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grasslands, along roads, in forest clearings and on river banks, at elevations up to 1,500 metres. Open grasslands, waste places, along dikes, rice paddies and other moist places in the Philippines.
More
In damp places.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-9
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-11

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Appetite stimulants (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Pruritus (leaf), Wounds and injuries (rhizome), Astringents (rhizome), Demulcents (rhizome), Diuretics (rhizome), Hypohidrosis (rhizome), Cooling effect on body (rhizome), Dysentery (root), Wounds and injuries (root), Acne vulgaris (root), Antipruritics (root), Antipyretics (root), Dermatitis (root), Diabetes mellitus (root), Diarrhea (root), Diuretics (root), Fever (root), Fistula (root), Liver diseases (root), Measles (root), Pruritus (root), Stomach diseases (root), Thirst (root), Pneumonia (seed), Tonsillitis (seed), Dysentery (tuber), Jaundice (tuber), Fever (tuber), Skin diseases (tuber), Dermatitis (unspecified), Fumigant (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Fistula (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Leg (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Acne vulgaris (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Gastrointestinal diseases (unspecified), Neoplasms (unspecified), Stomach diseases (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Intestinal diseases (unspecified), Constipation (whole plant), Chyluria (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Kyllinga brevifolia unspecified picture

Distribution

Kyllinga brevifolia world distribution map, present in China, Pakistan, Panama, Thailand, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Kyllinga brevifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30020565-2
WFO ID wfo-0000453763
COL ID 3RH2F
BDTFX ID 125737
INPN ID 447798
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Kyllinga hohenackeri Kyllinga monocephala Kyllinga aurata Kyllinga cruciata Kyllinga brevifolia f. brevifolia Kyllinga monocephala Kyllinga brevifolia Kyllinga odorata Cyperus erectus var. auratus Cyperus erectus var. intricatus Kyllinga brevifolia var. brevifolia Kyllinga erecta var. intricata Kyllinga erecta var. aurata Kyllinga brevifolia subsp. brevifolia Kyllinga intermegia var. oligostachya

Lower taxons

Kyllinga brevifolia var. stellulata Kyllinga brevifolia var. lurida