Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet

Hyacinthbean (en), Pois antaque (fr), Dolique d'Égypte (fr), Dolic lablab (fr), Dolique lablab (fr), Lablab (fr), Lablab pourpre (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Lablab

Characteristics

Climbing or (outside the Flora area) sometimes erect perennial (rarely annual) herb 1–5 m. long.. Stems pubescent or glabrous.. Leaflets ovate-triangular, 2·5–15 cm. long, 1·5–14 cm. wide, acuminate, cuneate to truncate at the base, glabrous or pubescent; petiole 1–18 cm. long; rhachis 0·7–4·5 cm. long; petiolules 2–6 mm. long; stipules ovate, 4–6 mm. long, ribbed.. Inflorescences axillary; rhachis 4–20 mm. long; peduncle 2–40 cm. long; pedicels 2–3·5 mm. long; bracts deciduous, ovate-lanceolate, 4 mm. long; bracteoles subpersistent, elliptic or round, 4–6(–8) mm. long, 1–4·5 mm. wide, ribbed.. Calyx glabrous or pubescent; tube 3–4 mm. long; lower lobes triangular or linear-oblong, 2–4 mm. long, the upper pair joined to form an entire or emarginate lip.. Standard entirely crimson or purple, or cream tinged mauve outside and purple inside, or all entirely white, oblate or round, 1·2–1·5 cm. long, 1·2–1·5 cm. wide, glabrous; wings purple; keel pale, tinged mauve at the apex.. Pods linear-oblong to oblong-falcate, 3·5–14 cm. long, 1·2–4 cm. wide, often verrucose along the upper or both margins, pubescent or glabrescent but with very small dot-like tubercular hairs which are evident when the longer indumentum is sparse, 2–5-seeded.. Seeds white or red to black, oblong, compressed, longest dimension 0·5–1·7 cm., shorter dimension 4–6(–9·5) mm., 3–5·5 mm. thick; aril 0·6–1·4 cm. long, 1·5–2 mm. wide.
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Climbing or sometimes (outside the Flora Zambesiaca area or in cultivated plants) erect perennial (rarely annual) herb 1-6 m long. Stems pubescent or glabrous. Leaflets 2.5-15 x 1.5-14 cm, ovate-triangular, acuminate, cuneate to truncate at the base, glabrous or pubescent; petiole1-18 cm long; rhachis 0.7-4.5 cm long; petiolules 2-6 mm long; stipules 4-6 mm long, ovate, ribbed. Inflorescences axillary; rhachis 0.4-2 cm long; peduncle 2-40 cm long; pedicels 2-3.5 mm long; bracts 4 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, deciduous; bracteoles 4-6(8) x 1-4.5 mm, elliptic or round, ribbed, subpersistent. Calyx glabrous or pubescent; tube 3-4 mm long; lower lobes 2-4 mm long, triangular or linear-oblong, the upper pair joined to form an entire or emarginate lip. Standard entirely crimson or purple, or cream tinged mauve outside and purple inside, or all entirely white, 1.2-1.5 x 1.2-1.5 cm, oblate or round, glabrous; wings white or purple; keel pale, tinged mauve at the apex. Pods 3.5-14 x 1.2-4 cm, linear-oblong to oblong-falcate, often verrucose along the upper or both margins, pubescent or glabrescent but with very small dot-like tubercular hairs which are evident when the longer indumentum is sparse, 2-5-seeded. Seeds white or red to black, 5-17 x 4-6(9.5) x 3-5.5mm, oblong, compressed; aril 6-14 x 1.5-2 mm.
Climbing herbs; stems terete, strigose. Leaves trifoliolate, leaflets ovate to broadly rhomboid, 8.0-13.0 cm long, 6.5-12.5 cm wide, the lateral leaflets asym-metric, apically acute, basally cuneate to truncate; petioles 8.0-12.0 cm long, strigose; petiolules 2.5-3.0 cm long, strigose, stipels linear, 4.0 mm long, the stipules lanceolate, 4.0-5.0 mm long, caducous. Inflorescences axillary racemes to 30.0 cm long; flowers 10-15 per rachis, fasicled in groups of 2-3 at tubercles on the rachis; peduncles 18.0-15.0 cm long, the pedicels short 0.3 cm long; bracts subtending the flowers ovate, 3.0 mm long, 2.0 mm wide, strigose, caducous. Flowers with the calyx campanulate, 6.0-8.0 mm long, the lobes 2.5-3.0 mm long, upper 2 lobes fused; corolla white to purple, standard obovate, auriculate with 2 callosites running along the inner face, 1.5 cm long, 1.2 cm wide, the wings oblong to obovate, 1.5 cm long, 1.0 cm wide, the keel falcate, 1.5 cm long, 0.4 cm wide; stamens 1.5 cm long; style 1.3-1.5 cm long curved, flattened, the stigma capitate. Fruits broadly oblong, 5.2-8.0 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, strigose, the beak falcate, 1.0-1.5 cm long; seeds ovoid, 3-5, 1.3 cm long, 0.8 cm wide, the hilum oblong with white aril.
A climbing bean which can have vines 1-5 m long. It keeps growing from year to year. The stems can be smooth or hairy. Leaves are made up of 3 almost triangular leaflets. The leaflets are 5-15 cm long and 3-14 cm wide. The side leaflets are somewhat asymmetrical. Often the plants are flushed purple. The flowering clusters are 5-20 cm long. Flowers are often white but can vary from red to blue. The pods are flattened, pointed and up to 12 cm long and 2 cm wide. They can be green, purple or white. Inside there are 3-5 white or dark seeds. Seed pods have a wavy margin. The seeds are 0.5-1.5 cm long. (This bean is similar to Lima bean but the keel of the flower in not spirally twisted, the pod ends more bluntly with a long thin style at the end and the hilum on the seed is longer.)
Herbs, twining. Stems to 6 m, usually purplish. Stipules lanceolate; leaflets deltoid-ovate, 6-10 × 6-10 cm, lateral ones oblique, base subtruncate, apex acute or acuminate. Racemes axillary, erect, 15-25 cm. Flowers 2-5 clustered at each node. Calyx ca. 6 mm, upper 2 teeth wholly connate, lower 3 subequal. Corolla white or purple; standard orbicular, ca. 12 mm; wings with blade ca. 10 mm; keel base attenuate. Ovary linear; style longer than ovary. Legumes oblong-falcate, 5-7 × 1.4-1.8 cm, compressed, straight or slightly curved, beaked. Seeds 3-5, white, purple, or purple-black, oblong; hilum linear. Fl. Apr-Dec.
Perennial, climbing herb, 0.2-5.0 m long; stems pubescent or glabrous, entire plant often flushed purple. Leaflets ovate-triangular, 25-150 x 15-140 mm, acuminate, cuneate to truncate at base, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences: axillary racemes. Calyx: tube 3-4 mm long. Petals: standard crimson, partially purple or white; wings purple; keel pale tinged mauve. Pod linear oblong to oblong-falcate, 35-140 mm long, pubescent or glabrescent, tuberculate, 2-5-seeded. Seeds white or red to black.
Pods 3.5–14 × 1.2–4 cm, linear-oblong to oblong-falcate, often verrucose along the upper or both margins, pubescent or glabrescent but with very small dot-like tubercular hairs which are evident when the longer indumentum is sparse, 2–5-seeded.
Leaflets 2.5–15 × 1.5–14 cm, ovate-triangular, acuminate, cuneate to truncate at the base, glabrous or pubescent; petiole 1–18 cm long; rhachis 0.7–4.5 cm long; petiolules 2–6 mm long; stipules 4–6 mm long, ovate, ribbed.
Standard entirely crimson or purple, or cream tinged mauve outside and purple inside, or all entirely white, 1.2–1.5 × 1.2–1.5 cm, oblate or round, glabrous; wings white or purple; keel pale, tinged mauve at the apex.
Inflorescences axillary; rhachis 0.4–2 cm long; peduncle 2–40 cm long; pedicels 2–3.5 mm long; bracts 4 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, deciduous; bracteoles 4–6(8) × 1–4.5 mm, elliptic or round, ribbed, subpersistent.
Calyx glabrous or pubescent; tube 3–4 mm long; lower lobes 2–4 mm long, triangular or linear-oblong, the upper pair joined to form an entire or emarginate lip.
Climbing or sometimes (outside the Flora Zambesiaca area or in cultivated plants) erect perennial (rarely annual) herb 1–6 m long.
Seeds white or red to black, 5–17 × 4–6(9.5) × 3–5.5 mm, oblong, compressed; aril 6–14 × 1.5–2 mm.
Stems pubescent or glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 2.25 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.9
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It mostly grows between 750 and 2175 m altitude in the tropics. It is drought resistant and can grow in quite low rainfall areas. Some varieties are short day and some are long day kinds. In Nepal it grows to about 2500 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 9-12. In Yunnan.
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Not known in a truly wild situation.
Not known in a truly wild situation.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 5-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The young pods, ripe seeds and young leaves are edible, cooked. Flowers can be eaten raw, steamed or added to soups and stews. Dried seeds can be cooked as a vegetable. The seeds can also be sprouted then crushed and cooked. The large starchy root is edible. CAUTION Many types can be poisonous. They should be boiled and the cooking water thrown away.
Uses animal food breeding cover plant dye environmental use fodder food forage gene source green manure leaf vegetable manure material medicinal ornamental pasture poison
Edible flowers leaves pods roots seeds
Therapeutic use Antifungal agents (flower), Hair loss (fruit), Anti-infective agents, local (fruit), Aphrodisiacs (fruit), Appetite stimulants (fruit), Constipation (fruit), Disorder of ejaculation (fruit), Epistaxis (fruit), Flatulence (fruit), Respiratory tract infections (fruit), Stomach diseases (fruit), Sexual debility (fruit), Antidotes (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Colic (leaf), Earache (leaf), Eczema (leaf), Endophthalmitis (leaf), Hypersensitivity (leaf), Menstruation-inducing agents (leaf), Anthelmintics (root), Contraceptive agents (root), Anti-poisoning (root), Anti-bacterial agents (seed), Antifungal agents (seed), Antipyretics (seed), Aphrodisiacs (seed), Appetite stimulants (seed), Diuretics (seed), Galactogogues (seed), Hemagglutination (seed), Inflammation (seed), Lactation disorders (seed), Laxatives (seed), Parasympatholytics (seed), Urination disorders (seed), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Antidote(Fish poison) (unspecified), Antidote(Plant poisons) (unspecified), Antivinous (unspecified), Blindness (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Epilepsy (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Megalospleny (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Preventitive(Gray-Hair) (unspecified), Sunstroke (unspecified), Thirst (unspecified), Throat (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Leucorrhea (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Cholera (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Aphrodisiacs (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Chest pain (unspecified), Earache (unspecified), Hematuria (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified), Hypoglycemic agents (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), Pharyngitis (unspecified), Sepsis (unspecified), Smallpox (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Urination disorders (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Seeds are sown at 30 x 60 cm spacing near stakes or trees. About 20 kg of seed per hectare are required. Fertilising with nitrogen and potash until flowering is recommended. Young pods are ready 4-6 months after planting and seeds 6-8 months. Pods are often harvested over 2 or 3 years. Pollination and seed setting are reduced in cold weather.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 32
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Lablab purpureus leaf picture by Ricardo Matheus Pires Ricardo (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus leaf picture by kumar Bhimsen (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus leaf picture by Audrey Raoul (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lablab purpureus flower picture by Imtiyaz Ahmad (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus flower picture by Pradhan Khushi (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus flower picture by JP Corrêa Carvalho (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lablab purpureus fruit picture by Noel Dionson (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus fruit picture by Audrey Raoul (cc-by-sa)
Lablab purpureus fruit picture by nish (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lablab purpureus world distribution map, present in Angola, American Samoa, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahrain, Bahamas, Brazil, Barbados, Bhutan, Botswana, Canada, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Comoros, Cabo Verde, Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Guernsey, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Grenada, French Guiana, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jamaica, Kenya, Cambodia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Mali, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Niue, Netherlands, Nepal, Nauru, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Singapore, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, Suriname, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501411-1
WFO ID wfo-0000181603
COL ID 3RJTM
BDTFX ID 167862
INPN ID 447197
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lablab purpurea Dolichos purpureus Lablab purpureus

Lower taxons

Lablab purpureus subsp. purpureus Lablab purpureus subsp. uncinatus Lablab purpureus subsp. bengalensis Lablab purpureus var. rhomboideus