Langsdorffia hypogaea Mart.

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Balanophoraceae > Langsdorffia

Characteristics

Rhizome digitiform, canescent-tomentose. Staminate inflorescence clavate, the peduncle 2-5 cm. long, scaly, surrounded at the base by a lobed sheath, the lobes deltoid, 0.5-1.0 cm. long and broad, canescent-tomentose, the scales stiff, ciliate, enclosing the head when immature, lower scales ovate, about 1 cm. long, 5-7 mm. broad, upper scales lanceolate, to 3.5 cm. long, 1 cm. broad, the head ellipsoid, 5-7 cm. long, about 3 cm. in diameter. Staminate flowers based on Brazilian specimens: pedicel 6-10 mm. long; tepals 3 (or 2), free, ovoid, about 3 mm. long, 1.5-2.0 mm. broad, becoming widely reflexed, glabrous; stamens 3, the filaments about 0.5 mm. long, completely connate, the anthers connate below, free above. Pistillate inflorescence generally capitate to clavate, the peduncle and vesture as in the staminate inflorescence, the head subglobose, 2-4 cm. long, 4.5 cm. in diameter. Pistillate flowers: free but tightly agglutinated with one another above due to a waxy secretion; perianth epigynous, connate into a curious tubular or obovoid structure, 1.5-2.5 mm. long, 0.5-0.75 mm. in diameter, surrounding the style and in intimate contact with it, the perianth lobes 2, short; ovary ellipsoid, about 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter, the style 1, 0.5-1.5 mm. long, slender, spirally twisted, the stigma minutely capitate. Fruit ellipsoid, about 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. in diameter.
More
Subterranean, rhizome-like tubers 0.7-1.9 cm diam. Supraterranean stems 2-14 cm, with numerous spirally arranged, triangular-lanceolate, scaly leaves 0.4-1.0 x 1.6-3.5 cm. Inflorescences unisexual, not branched; male ones conical, 1.8-3.2 x 2.5-5.0 cm when flowers expanded, female ones hemispherical, 1.7-5.8 x 1.4-3.5 cm. Staminate flowers bracteate, pedicel 6-10 x 1.3 mm; perianth segments 3, valvate; stamens 3, connate into a synandrium. Pistillate flowers linear-prismatic, sessile, ebracteate, densely arranged, 1.5 x 0.25 mm; perianth tubular, irregularly lobed; style 1, exserted.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.01 - 0.02
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

In montane forests, 400-1300 m
More
Not known
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Langsdorffia hypogaea unspecified picture
Langsdorffia hypogaea unspecified picture

Distribution

Langsdorffia hypogaea world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Paraguay, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:315558-2
WFO ID wfo-0000361335
COL ID 6NWZM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Langsdorffia janeirensis Langsdorffia moritziana Langsdorffia rubiginosa Thonningia janeirensis Langsdorffia mexicana Senftenbergia moritziana Thonningia mexicana Langsdorffia hypogaea