Lathyrus pratensis L.

Meadow vetchling (en), Gesse des prés (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Lathyrus

Characteristics

Scrambling perennial; stems sparsely to moderately hairy, sharply angled, not winged. Lvs ± glabrous to moderately hairy; tendrils usually branched in upper lvs, but often reduced (sometimes to a mucro) and simple in lower lvs; leaflets in 1 pair, lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, acute, (10)-20-30-(45) mm long; veins parallel; stipules lanceolate, usually sagittate, sometimes with only 1 basal lobe, wider than stem, (5)-10-15-(20) mm long. Infl. much > lvs, 2-10-flowered; pedicels 2-4 mm long. Calyx hairy, gibbous at base; calyx teeth somewhat unequal, triangular-subulate; lower teeth usually > or = tube; upper teeth shorter. Corolla yellow, 10-15 mm long. Pod ± glabrous or hairy, dark brownish black, (2)-5-12-seeded, 25-35 mm long; seeds reddish brown, smooth; hilum 1/7-⅕ of circumference.
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Herbs perennial, 30-120 cm tall. Stem decumbent or climbing, wingless. Leaves with simple or branched tendril at apex; stipules sagittate, (5-)10-45 × 3-10(-15) mm; leaflets 1-paired, elliptic, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 10-30(-50) × 2-9(-13) mm, puberulent, with parallel veins. Raceme 3-6 × as long as leaf, 5-12-flowered. Calyx campanulate, pubescent; longest tooth longer than tube. Corolla yellow, 12-18 mm; stan­dard orbicular, ca. 14 mm, with claw; wings slightly shorter than standard. Legume black, linear, 2.5-4.5 cm. Seeds yellow or brown, orbicular, smooth. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.
Rhizomatous perennial, 3–8 dm, the stems angled but not winged; stipules lanceolate, 1–3 cm, about equaling the wingless petiole, with or without small basal lobes; lfls 2, lance-linear to narrowly elliptic, 2–4 cm; racemes long-peduncled, with 2–8 yellow fls 12–18 mm; 2n=7–42. Native of Eurasia, intr. in waste places here and there in our range.
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It is a scrambling plant and forms dense masses. The leaves have long stalks and 2 grey-green sword shaped leaflets. These are 1-2.5 cm long and have tendrils. The flowers are yellow. There are 5-12 in a group on long stalks. The pods are 3-4 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.85 - 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.5
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grassland, scrub and hedgerows, avoiding acid soils.
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It is a temperate plant.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-9
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

Uses experimental purposes fodder forage medicinal pasture
Edible seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Resolvent (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 20 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -30
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lathyrus pratensis habit picture by Eric Rebsamen (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis habit picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis habit picture by Danielle MASSON (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lathyrus pratensis leaf picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis leaf picture by Philippe Brunet (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis leaf picture by Schuller Ton (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lathyrus pratensis flower picture by Martial Domergue (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis flower picture by Michel Schwartz (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis flower picture by Séverine VALLES (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lathyrus pratensis fruit picture by beurny (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis fruit picture by Lindroos Kristian (cc-by-sa)
Lathyrus pratensis fruit picture by Sissy Sachsenborn (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lathyrus pratensis world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Faroe Islands, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Greenland, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Lithuania, Latvia, Morocco, Moldova (Republic of), Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Sweden, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Lathyrus pratensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:501954-1
WFO ID wfo-0000212701
COL ID 3SKZJ
BDTFX ID 37993
INPN ID 105247
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lathyrus pratensis f. pallidiflorus Orobus pratensis Lathyrus pratensis Lathyrus denudatus Pisum pratense Lathyrus cashmericus Lathyrus lusseri Lathyrus sepium Lathyrus pratensis subsp. pratensis Lathyrus pratensis f. sepium Lathyrus velutinus Lathyrus pratensis var. velutinus Lathyrus pratensis subsp. velutinus Lathyrus pratensis subsp. lusseri Lathyrus pratensis var. hirsutus Lathyrus pratensis var. montanus Lathyrus pratensis var. subalpinus