Lavandula angustifolia Mill.

English lavender (en), Lavande officinale (fr), Lavande à feuilles étroites (fr), Lavande vraie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Lavandula

Characteristics

Shrubs dwarf, stellate tomentose. Branches gray-brown to dark brown, with long flowering and short leafy shoots, bark longitudinally exfoliating. Leaves widely spaced on flowering shoots, clustered on leafy shoots, linear to lanceolate-linear, 3-5 cm × 3-5 mm on flowering shoots, less than ca. 17 × 2 mm on leafy shoots, gray stellate tomentose, base attenuate to a very short petiole, margin entire and revolute, apex obtuse. Verticillasters 6-10-flowered, numerous, in crowded, interrupted or ± continuous spikes ca. 3(-5) cm; peduncle ca. 3 × as long as spike; bracts rust colored when dry, rhombic-ovate or acuminate-subulate; bracteoles indistinct. Pedicel short. Calyx ovoid-tubular to subtubular, 4-5 mm, 13-veined, densely gray stellate tomentose outside; upper lip entire, lower lip equally 4-toothed. Corolla blue, 8-10 mm, 13-veined, densely tomentose outside, base subglabrous, throat and limb glandular hairy, puberulent annulate inside; upper lip straight, with lobes circular and slightly overlapping; lower lip spreading. Nutlets 4, smooth. Fl. Jun.
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A herb. Plants grow to 60 cm high and spread to 40 cm wide. The branches are grey-brown. The bark comes of in long layers. The leaves are grey-green. The leafy shoots are short and the flowering shoots are long. The flowers are usually in violet-blue spikes. There are leaves widely spaced on the flowering shoots. The leaves are clustered on the leafy shoots. The leaves are 3-5 cm long by 3-5 cm wide on the flowering shoots and more narrow on leafy shoots. The leaf edges turn up. There are 6-10 flowers on spikes 3 cm long. There are 4 nutlets. They are smooth.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It suits dry exposed sunny positions. It needs a well drained alkaline soil. It is a plant that can withstand frost. It does not suit the tropics or very humid areas. It does best in cool or warm climates with a winter rainfall. It grows between 600-1200 m altitude in southern Europe. It suits hardiness zones 5-10.
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Dry grassy slopes amongst rocks, in exposed, usually parched, hot rocky situations often on calcareous soils.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 2-6
Soil acidity 5-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Fresh or dried flowers and leaves can be used can be used to flavour jellies, ice cream and cheeses. The leaves, petals and flowering tips are added to salads, dressings, soups, stews, jams and jellies. The flowers can be candied and used as garnish in soft drinks. Fresh or dried flowers are used for tea. It yields an essential oil used as flavouring in food manufacture.
Uses environmental use essential oil invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison seasoning tea
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Anti-anxiety agents (flower), Anti-bacterial agents (flower), Brain diseases (flower), Cardiomyopathies (flower), Common cold (flower), Epilepsy (flower), Stomach diseases (flower), Antifungal agents (leaf), Anti-anxiety agents (shoot), Central nervous system depressants (shoot), Insecticides (shoot), Carminative (unspecified), Cholagogue (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Perfume (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Insecticides (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Cholagogues and choleretics (whole plant), Hypnotics and sedatives (whole plant)
Human toxicity weak toxic (aerial)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Seeds often take a long time to germinate. Also seeds do not always breed true to type. Plants are better grown from cuttings. A 4 cm tip cutting with a base of old wood is what is best used for cuttings. If flowers are removed during the first year tougher bushier plants result.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 24
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lavandula angustifolia habit picture by Philippe Bissières (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia habit picture by Samuel Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia habit picture by Samuel Dufour-Kowalski (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lavandula angustifolia leaf picture by Llouest (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia leaf picture by Marcos Martin (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia leaf picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lavandula angustifolia flower picture by bas yves (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia flower picture by RedDog. Frantz (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia flower picture by GUY Michel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lavandula angustifolia fruit picture by Léa STEPHAN (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia fruit picture by Olivier Brosseau (cc-by-sa)
Lavandula angustifolia fruit picture by Florent Beck (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lavandula angustifolia world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, China, Spain, France, Italy, Pakistan, Tunisia, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Lavandula angustifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449008-1
WFO ID wfo-0000224116
COL ID 6P3VZ
BDTFX ID 38072
INPN ID 105297
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lavandula minor Lavandula officinalis var. delphinensis Lavandula spica var. delphinensis Lavandula vera var. angustifolia Lavandula spica var. angustifolia Lavandula vera var. ligustica Lavandula angustifolia

Lower taxons

Lavandula angustifolia subsp. angustifolia Lavandula angustifolia subsp. pyrenaica