Leonurus cardiaca L.

Motherwort (en), Agripaume cardiaque (fr), Queue-de-lion (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Leonurus

Characteristics

Scarcely aromatic perennial. Stems to c. 1.5 m tall, hairy, especially on angles. Petioles to c. 20 cm long, densely hairy. Lamina variously lobed or dissected; lamina of lower lvs 6-10 × 5.5-10 cm, broad-ovate, usually 7-lobed with lobes lobulate, dark shining green and with appressed hairs above, more densely hairy below, especially on the veins; base cordate. Upper lvs and bracts similar, 3-5-lobed; lobes nearly entire or coarsely toothed; base broad-cuneate to rounded; apex acuminate. Calyx tube 3-4 mm long, sparsely hairy or glabrous; teeth 2-3 mm long, subulate, the lower becoming deflexed. Corolla 8-10 mm long (to apex of upper lip), pale pink except for purple spots on upper and lower lips; tube with ring of white hairs inside; upper lip c. 4.5 mm long, with white-villous hairs outside; lower lip 3-4 mm long, with recurved lobes. Nutlets c. 2 mm long, sharply angled, with apical tuft of hairs.
More
Fibrous-rooted perennial, the ± clustered stems 4–15 dm, retrorsely short-hairy on the angles (or subglabrous); lvs all cauline, the main ones with palmately cleft and again coarsely toothed blade 5–10 cm, the petiole about as long, the middle and upper gradually reduced and less cleft; fls subsessile; cal-tube firm, 5-angled, 3–4 mm, the lobes about equaling the tube, the 2 lower ones deflexed; cor 8–12 mm, white or pale pink, the upper lip conspicuously white-villous, the tube with a ring of hairs inside; 2n=18. Native of Asia, formerly cult. as a home-remedy, now established as a casual weed over much of the U.S. and adj. Can. June–Aug.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.5
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Hedge banks, waste places etc, usually on gravelly or calcareous soils.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-7

Usage

Uses dye environmental use medicinal
Edible flowers
Therapeutic use Gynecological Aid (leaf), Abdominal pain (leaf), Diaphoretic (leaf), Abdominal pain (seed), Diaphoretic (seed), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Amenorrhea (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Antispasmodic (unspecified), Debility (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Gall Bladder (unspecified), Hysteria (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Palpitation (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Uterine Organs (unspecified), Weakness (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Heart (unspecified), Generative Organs (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Rabies (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Angina pectoris, variant (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Cardiotonic agents (unspecified), Hypnotics and sedatives (unspecified), Menstruation-inducing agents (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Analgesics (whole plant), Appetite stimulants (whole plant), Diuretics (whole plant), Heart diseases (whole plant), Hypnotics and sedatives (whole plant), Menstruation-inducing agents (whole plant), Parasympatholytics (whole plant), Syncope (whole plant), Diaphoretic (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 28
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Leonurus cardiaca habit picture by Kate Senatskaya (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca habit picture by Pierre Sosson (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca habit picture by Bianca Legault (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Leonurus cardiaca leaf picture by Aaron Trippe (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca leaf picture by julia spiegel (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca leaf picture by Holly Nobles (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Leonurus cardiaca flower picture by moksos (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca flower picture by Jacques Louvel (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca flower picture by Merrie Fuller (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Leonurus cardiaca fruit picture by catquest (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca fruit picture by erwin schindler (cc-by-sa)
Leonurus cardiaca fruit picture by Лера (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Leonurus cardiaca world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:449168-1
WFO ID wfo-0000224637
COL ID 6P8L5
BDTFX ID 75216
INPN ID 105548
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lamium cardiaca Leonurus discolor Leonurus glabra Leonurus intermedius Leonurus multifidus Leonurus neglectus Leonurus trilobatus Leonurus campestris Leonurus canescens Leonurus crispus Leonurus illyricus Leonurus ruderalis Stachys triloba Cardiaca glabra Cardiaca trilobata Cardiaca vulgaris Cardiaca crispa Cardiaca stachys Leonurus cardiaca var. hirtella Leonurus cardiaca subsp. intermedius Leonurus cardiaca var. intermedium Leonurus cardiaca var. canescens Leonurus cardiaca var. rotundifolia Leonurus cardiaca var. adscendens Leonurus aconitifolius Leonurus lacerus Leonurus cardiaca