Leptospermum scoparium J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.

Tea tree (en), Manuka (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Leptospermum

Characteristics

Shrub of diverse habit, or tree up to c. 4 m high. Bark shedding in long strips. Branchlets and young lvs ± clothed in silky hairs. Lvs subsessile, ± 4-12-(20) × 1-4 mm, of 2 main forms on different plants, narrow-lanceolate or ovate, coriaceous, rigid, acute, pungent, erect to patent. Fls axillary, or occasionally terminal on branchlets, ± sessile, usually solitary. Hypanthium broadly turbinate; calyx lobes ± triangular, caducous. Petals c. 6 mm long, ± suborbicular, usually white, rarely pink, patent. Stamens c. 20, < to slightly > style; filaments much more slender than style. Ovary apex glabrous. Capsule 5-celled, 3-7 × 4-10 mm, woody, long-persistent, distinctly exserted beyond receptacle rim.
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Shrubs of diverse habit, or trees up to c. 4 m. tall. Bark brown, shedding in long strips. Branchlets and young lvs ± silky-hairy. Lvs subsessile, ± 4-12 × 1-4 mm., of 2 main forms on different plants-narrow-lanceolate or ovate-coriac., rigid, acute, pungent, erect to patent. Fls axillary, or occ. terminal on branchlets, sessile or nearly so, us. solitary, up to 12 mm. diam. or more. Receptacle broadly turbinate, adnate to ovary. Sepals suborbicular, soon falling; petals suborbicular, with short claw. Capsule woody, long-persistent, distinctly exserted beyond receptacle-rim, 5-valved.
A prickly shrub. It is usually upright and slender. It can grow to 2-4 m high. It spreads 80 cm to 1.2 m wide. The leaves are hard and shiny. They do not have hairs and are sword shaped. They have a sharp point. The flowers are white. They have 5 petals. There is a ring of short stamens at the base of the petals. The fruit is a round capsules. The have 5 lobes on top. They do not have hairs. There are many cultivated varieties.
Shrub to 2 m with smooth, firm bark. Leaves spreading-recurved, lanceolate, margins incurved, firm-textured, pungent, mostly 7-15 x 2-6 mm. Flowers solitary on short shoots, pink or white. Capsules woody, persistent, 8-12 mm diam.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is native to Australia and New Zealand. It grows near the coast in cool temperate places. It can grow in warm temperate and some subtropical places. It grows in places that are waterlogged for part of the year. On Mt Roland. Hobart Botanical Gardens. It suits hardiness zones 8-10. Tasmania Herbarium. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Many habitats in lowland to alpine areas, North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands. Rocky and sandy heathland, often by streams. Occurs along banks of watercourses and on lower hillslopes, often in rocky sites.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

The fresh leaves are used for tea.
Uses charcoal dye environmental use essential oil food material medicinal tea wood
Edible leaves saps stems
Therapeutic use Inflammation (bark), Emetics (leaf)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. They can also be grown from cuttings. Plants release their seed after fire.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Leptospermum scoparium leaf picture by Helen Carrick (cc-by-sa)
Leptospermum scoparium leaf picture by fitzgerald mary (cc-by-sa)
Leptospermum scoparium leaf picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Leptospermum scoparium flower picture by jagwinder singh (cc-by-sa)
Leptospermum scoparium flower picture by Amanda Martin (cc-by-sa)
Leptospermum scoparium flower picture by Leaf415 (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Leptospermum scoparium fruit picture by fitzgerald mary (cc-by-sa)
Leptospermum scoparium fruit picture by Isaac Le (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Leptospermum scoparium world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, Colombia, New Zealand, Portugal, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Leptospermum scoparium threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:597506-1
WFO ID wfo-0000226751
COL ID 3TV42
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Leptospermum humifusum Leptospermum linifolium Leptospermum multiflorum Leptospermum nichollsii Leptospermum obliquum Leptospermum oxycedrus Leptospermum bullatum Melaleuca scoparia Leptospermum scoparium var. bullatum Leptospermum scoparium var. confertifolium Leptospermum scoparium var. eximea Leptospermum scoparium var. forsteri Leptospermum scoparium var. incanum Leptospermum scoparium var. linearifolium Leptospermum scoparium var. linifolium Leptospermum scoparium var. myrtifolium Leptospermum scoparium var. nicholsii Leptospermum scoparium var. parvum Leptospermum scoparium var. prostratum Leptospermum scoparium var. sericeum Leptospermum floribundum Leptospermum pungens Melaleuca tenuifolia Philadelphus scoparius var. linifolius Leptospermum scoparium var. vulgare Leptospermum scoparium