Shrubs or small trees 3 to 6 m tall with a single trunk. Branches fairly stout, erect and spreading, purplish, glabrescent. Branchlets numerous, slender, purplish, spreading, sparsely erect-pubescent. Leaves of male plants 3.8 cm long, 5.5 mm broad, of female plants 4.9 cm long, 6 mm broad, in both sexes narrowly oblanceolate, narrowed at the apex to an acute reddened recurved mucro, twisted at the base, clothed at first with a short sparse pubescence becoming glabrous later, somewhat thin, spreading, of a darker green than usual in the genus. Involucral leaves similar to the stem leaves, very few in number, not concealing the head, not coloured, not conspicuous. Male inflorescence 1.5 cm diam., globose, conical when in bud, solitary at the ends of numerous scattered slender branchlets, giving off a pleasant fruity smell. Basal bracts 2 cm long, 5 mm broad, about 9 in number decreasing in length towards the head, linear, acute, upper edges rolled inwards, pubescent outside, purplish or yellow inside, spreading, conspicuous. Floral bracts 2.3 mm long, 0.9 mm broad, obtuse, ciliate and densely pubescent above. Floral bud 4.5 mm long, pubescent, somewhat swollen at the apex. Perianth tube 2.5 mm long, sparsely pubescent, surrounded by a few long hairs at the base. Claw 1.5 mm long, pubescent, recurved 180°. Limb 1.3 mm long, pubescent, concave, hooked. Anther 0.8 mm long. Pollen triangular in polar view with sides 28 µ and polar depth 18 µ. Stigma abortive, 0.8 mm long, clavate, often minutely bifid, acting as a pollen presenter. Style 3.8 mm long, narrowed above, weakly pubescent. Hypogynous scales 2 mm long, yellow, acicular. Nectar seen at the throat of the perianth tube. Receptacle 1 cm long, 3 mm diam., clavate or cylindrical. Female inflorescence 1.8 cm long, 1.2 cm diam., ellipsoidal, solitary, terminal on scattered branchlets, the florets arranged in 8 ascending spiral rows with about 20 cm each, giving off a faint smell. Basal bracts as in the male. Floral bracts 3.5 mm long, 7 mm broad, broadly elliptic, obtuse, densely pubescent, ciliate. Floral bud 4.5 mm long, narrowing towards the apex, pubescent, stigma exposed at the apex. Perianth tube 3 mm long, transversely compressed, pubescent above, divided and glabrous below. Claw 1 mm long, recurved 180°, pubescent. Limb 1 mm long, pubescent. Staminode 0.5 mm long, anterior absent. Ovary 1 mm long, ovoid, short-pubescent. Style 3.4 mm long, narrowing below with a few hairs. Stigma 0.5 mm diam., truncate. Hypogynous scales 1.6 mm long, tapering, yellow. Nectar seen at the throat of the perianth tube. Mature female head a cone, indehiscent, 3.5 cm long, 2.9 cm diam., globose, glabrescent, with adjacent bracts arranged in 2 spiral rows. Fruit 6-7 mm long, 5 mm broad, obcordate, compressed with the perimeter rough and sharply edged, dark brown, pitted, very sparsely short-pubescent, a small tuft of hairs surrounding the basal scar, median ridge not prominent.
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Tree or shrub, erect, 3-6 m high, dioecious, young stems reddish. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, softly hairy when young, glabrous when mature, 38 x 5.5 mm in male plants and 49 x 6 mm in female ones, narrowed to apex with fine red point; involucral leaves spreading, reddish. Male flowers in terminal, globose capitula, 15 mm in diam. Involucral bracts 9, linear, yellow or purplish, softly hairy outside, edges rolled inward. Female flowers in solitary, terminal, ellipsoid capitula, 18 x 12 mm; perianth 2.5 mm long. Mature capitulum a globose cone, 33 x 29 mm, sparsely covered with hair; bracts in 2 spirals. Flowering time Oct., Nov. Fruit triangular in cross section, hairy, sharply edged.
Dioecious shrub or tree to 6 m. Leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 40-50 mm long, involucral leaves inconspicuous but bracts spreading, reddish to purplish. Male flower heads ± 15 mm diam., female ± 12 mm diam., slightly fruit-scented.
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