Limnophyton obtusifolium Miq.

Arrow head (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Alismatales > Alismataceae > Limnophyton

Characteristics

Robust, possibly annual. Leaves floating, pellucid-punctate, broadly sagittate, with blunt, rounded or emarginate apex (in extra-Mal. sometimes broad-acute or apiculate), basal lobes broad-triangular very acutely tipped, 12.5-13 cm (measured along midrib) by 20-23 cm (greatest width); nerves 17-19, upper ones directed towards the apex, the others radiating towards the basal lobes, the 4th and sometimes also the 5th pair branched, all connected by parallel veins under an angle of 60° and 3-6 mm spaced, again connected by reticulate veins 2nd order; petiole sparsely patent-short hairy, ribbed with longitudinal septate air-channels, septations distinct in dried young specimens. To 80 cm long. Peduncle erect, sparsely patent hairy, angular, strongly ribbed, with longitudinal air-channels. Panicle pyramidal, flowers in whorls of 13-18, the lowest whorl in addition with 3-4 lateral branches. Bracts up to 3 cm long, lanceolate acuminate, mostly reflexed. Pedicels 2-4.5 cm, mostly reflexed after anthesis. Sepals elliptic, bluntly rounded, in the bisexual flowers 5.5-7 by 3½-4mm, in the male flowers 4-4.5 by 2.5 mm. Petals white, in bud orbicular to broad-elliptic, larger than the sepals, short-unguiculate, extremely delicate, in ☿ flowers larger than in the ♂ flowers. Stamens 6, in the ☿ flowers those of each pair spaced one before each margin of a petal, in the ♂ flowers the bases of the filaments touching; filaments 2 mm, broadened and thickened towards the base; anthers 1 1/3 by 0.75 mm. Carpels 15-20, obovate, laterally compressed, provided with some reticulate, searious ribs, 1.5-3 mm; style sub-terminal; stigma knob-shaped, feebly lobed, glandular-papillose. Achenes obovate with cuneate base, 4-5(-8) mm, with a fine reticulation of searious ribs, short-beaked. Seed 4 mm long.
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Petioles 25–50 cm., triangular in section; leaf-blade obovate in the seedling stage (which sometimes flowers and bears fruit) 3.5 × 1.5 cm.; mature leaves sagittate, 6–9 cm. measured along the midrib, 8–13 cm. wide on a level with the petiole apex; lobes 7–11 cm. long with the angle between them more than 90°; nerves 13–17; blade and petiole glabrous, rarely slightly pubescent or scabrid at the petiole apex.. Peduncle as long as the petioles; inflorescence of 5–7 whorls; bracts glabrous, triangular, 1–2 × 1 cm., with rounded apex; bracteoles 3–6, glabrous, about 3 mm. long; basal whorl with 6–10 hermaphrodite flowers, 0–2 ♂ flowers; pedicels 2–4 cm. long, slender in ♂ flowers, but thickened to 1–2 mm. in diameter and much recurved in fruit.. Sepals about 6 × 3.5 mm. in hermaphrodite flowers, 4 × 2 mm. in ♂ flowers.. Petals delicate.. Stamens 6; filaments 2 mm. long; anthers oblong, 1 mm. long; stamens much smaller in the hermaphrodite flowers.. Carpels 2 mm. long; style 0.5 mm. long.. Achenes ovoid, 4 × 3 mm., shortly stalked, reticulately ridged, rough-textured, pale brown.. Fig. 5/1–5, p. 10.
Apparently annuals, perennating occasionally, up to 1 m high. Roots fibrous, spongy, with transverse septa. Rhizome small. Leaves on long petioles which are triangular in cross-section, spongy, the transverse septa distinct in juveniles; lamina erect, hastate, with the angle between the basal lobes obtuse (more than 90°), the lobes small at first, about as long as the upper part of the blade in mature leaves, apex obtuse, nerves 13-15, the 3-4 lower curving downwards, glabrous or glabrescent, pellucid dotted. Inflorescence a pyramidal panicle up to 1 m high when fully developed, often much reduced in young or small plants; scape stout, woody; flowers in 3-7 dense whorls the lower compound; bracts scarious; lanceolate-acuminate, reflexed with age; fruiting pedicels up to 15 mm long, swollen and woody, sterile pedicels wiry. Achenes about 30, forming a globose head 12 mm in diam., each fruit hard, brown, obpyramidal, 5 mm long, shortly stipitate, ridged.
A herb. It can keep growing from year to year or grow each year from seed. It grows 60-90 cm tall. The leaves are broadly oval and 15-30 cm long. The base is arrowhead shaped. It has spreading triangle shaped lobes. The leaf stalk is 30-80 cm long. The flowering stalks are also 30-80 cm long. There are 5-10 flowers in a ring. They are 1 cm across. They have 3 white petals.
Annual, aquatic herb, up to 1 m high. Leaves with blades erect, hastate, on long petioles which are triangular in cross-section. Inflorescence a pyramidal panicle. Flowers in 3-7 whorls in lower compound. Flowers white.
Inflorescences with spongy peduncles about 2 ft. high
Erect tufted herb with long-stalked leaves
Flowers white
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support aquatic
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.61 - 0.9
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

In swamps and pools below 600 m, according to COERT Trop. Natuur 23 1934 7 only growing in a certain period of the year and terrestrial parts dying off in the other part of the year, in Timor found in a small lake drying up in the dry season, fl. fr. April-Aug.
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It is a subtropical plant. It grows in rivers. It grows from sea level to 700 m above sea level in Ethiopia.
At the margin of ponds in mud.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The plant is burnt as a source of edible salt.
Uses food material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Limnophyton obtusifolium unspecified picture

Distribution

Limnophyton obtusifolium world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Algeria, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Malaysia, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, Chad, Togo, Timor-Leste, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Limnophyton obtusifolium threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:58415-1
WFO ID wfo-0000683177
COL ID 6QCKS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Limnophyton obtusifolium Sagittaria obtusifolia Sagittaria nymphaeifolia Alisma obtusifolium Caldesia sagittarioides Alisma sagittifolium Dipseudochorion sagittifolium Dipseudochorion sagittifolium Alisma sagittifolium Limnophyton parvifolium Alisma kotschyi