Linum trigynum L.

French flax (en), Lin de France (fr), Lin à trois stigmates (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Linaceae > Linum

Characteristics

Herbs, annual, 10–50 cm, glabrous. Stems erect or spreading, few-branched. Leaves alternate, spreading to ascending; stipular glands absent; blade linear-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 5–10 × 1–1.5 mm, margins entire, not ciliate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences panicles. Pedicels 1–5 mm. Flowers: sepals persistent, lanceolate to ovate, 3–4 mm, margins of inner sepals broadly scarious, densely glandular-ciliate, glandular-toothed, apex acuminate to setaceous; petals lemon yellow, oblong to obovate, 4–6 mm; stamens 1.5 mm; anthers 0.3 mm; staminodia present or absent; styles distinct, 1 mm; stigmas linear. Capsules subglobose, 2 mm diam., apex sharp-pointed (easily crushed), readily dehiscing into 5, 2-seeded segments, segments persistent on plant, false septa incomplete, margins of true septa ciliate. Seeds 1.1 × 0.9–1 mm. 2n = 20.
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Slender annual herb up to 40 cm high. Stems glabrous, simple to much-branched at base. Stem lvs always alternate, glabrous, narrowly elliptic-obovate to linear, usually narrow-obovate at base of stem, acuminate, 1-veined, entire, (1)-3-15-(20) mm long; lvs subtending infl.-branches single, lanceolate, < stem lvs. Infl. of few to numerous fls in a diffuse compound dichasium; sepals narrow-ovate, long-acuminate, often sparsely glandular, ciliate, 3-4 mm long, sometimes ± = but usually > capsule; petals yellow, somewhat > to almost 2× as long as sepals, 3.5-6 mm long; styles free ± to base. Capsule glabrous, subglobose, dehiscent, 2-2.5 mm diam.; seeds ± elliptic, shiny light brown, c. 1 mm long.
Glabrous annual; stems erect, unbranched or few-branched from base, to 50 cm long. Leaves alternate, linear to narrowly elliptic, 7–20 mm long, acute.  Inflorescence a lax cymose panicle; pedicels slender, 2–14 mm long. Sepals narrowly ovate, 3–4 mm long, glandular toothed or ciliolate. Petals narrowly obovate, 5–6 mm long, yellow. Anthers yellow. Styles connate only at base. Capsule 2–3 mm diam. Seeds c. 1 mm long.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.4
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows on roadsides, in pastures and other disturbed sites.
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Hardiness (USDA) 5-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
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Images

Habit

Linum trigynum habit picture by Maxime GUILLEMET (cc-by-sa)
Linum trigynum habit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)
Linum trigynum habit picture by Acosta García Isabel (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Linum trigynum leaf picture by beurny (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Linum trigynum flower picture by Cornelia Kaya (cc-by-sa)
Linum trigynum flower picture by Menghi Lorenzo (cc-by-sa)
Linum trigynum flower picture by Renaud LDM (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Linum trigynum world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Cyprus, Algeria, Spain, France, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, New Zealand, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, Yemen, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:544759-1
WFO ID wfo-0000366373
COL ID 3V4ZX
BDTFX ID 39485
INPN ID 106347
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Linum strictissimum Linum gallicum Cathartolinum gallicum Chrysolinum gallicum Linum procumbens Numisaureum petiolatum Linum aureum Linum trigynum