Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Liparis

Characteristics

Plants 12–60 cm. Pseudobulbs conic, slightly compressed, 5–7 × 2–3 cm, sheathed by bracts and persistent leaf bases, previous year’s pseudobulb usually present, connected by short rhizome, producing numerous fibrous roots. Stems pale green or green, sometimes suffused with purple-maroon, angled, prominently winged distally. Leaves 3–7, sheathing stem and pseudobulb, reduced distally to minute bracts; blade green, glossy, plicate, ovate or elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 6–30 × 5.5–12 cm, membranaceous, apex broadly rounded to abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences 3–26 cm; floral bracts subulate to triangular-lanceolate, 6–12 × 3 mm, apex acuminate; pedicels stout, 3–5 mm. Flowers 10–40, greenish purple; dorsal sepal oblong-elliptic to linear-oblong, 5–8 × 1.8–4 mm, margins strongly revolute, apex broadly rounded to obtuse; lateral sepals falcate, ovate-oblong to elliptic, 4–7 × 2–3.5 mm, apex obtuse to subacute; petals falcate, linear-oblanceolate to narrowly spatulate, nearly tubular, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, margins strongly revolute; lip strongly arcuate-recurved, obcordate to broadly cuneate or oblong-flabellate, base obsoletely auriculate, apex emarginate, sometimes mucronate; callus with 2 fleshy tubercles on basal portion, maroon-purple, 4–5.5 ×3.5–5.3 mm; column stout, 3.5–5 × 1–1.5 mm, winged apically; anthers bright green; pollinia yellow. Capsules obovoid to ellipsoid, 12–15 × 5–6 mm.
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Terrestrial or lithophytic plant, very rarely epiphytic.. Stem swollen at the base, forming a corm-like pseudobulb up to 3.2 cm. long.. Leaves 2–3, arising near the base of the pseudobulb, petiolate but sheathing at the base, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, up to 35 cm. long and 5.5 cm. wide, ± plicate; also 1–3 small basal sheathing leaves up to 10 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide.. Peduncle surpassing the leaves, up to 55 cm. high, with 2–3 small sheaths similar to the bracts, 5–8 mm. long, linear-lanceolate.. Rhachis up to 15 cm. long, many-flowered.. Pedicellate ovary green, up to 1.2 cm. long.. Tepals green, yellowish green or yellow, often tinged brown or purple.. Dorsal sepal reflexed, oblong, obtuse, 5.3–6.3 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide; lateral sepals often rolled up under the lip, falcate, oblong, 3.6–4.8 mm. long, 2–2.7 mm. wide.. Petals linear, falcate, 4.7–6 mm. long, reflexed.. Lip green to yellow, usually heavily tinged brown or purple, fleshy, recurved, 2.5–4 mm. long and 2.5–4.5 mm. wide, bilobed, apical margins of the lobes crenulate; 2 tooth-like calli at the base of the lip and 2 auricles extend beyond the junction of the lip with the column.. Column green, slightly curved, 2.3–3.5 mm. long, with lateral wings at the apex, and an apical wing around the anther.
Herbs, terrestrial. Stem cylindric, 2-8(-10) cm, 5-7(-10) mm in diam., thick, fleshy, with many nodes, usually ± enclosed by sheaths, upper part sometimes naked. Leaves 3-6; petiole sheathlike, 2-3(-5) cm, amplexicaul, long, not articulate; blade ovate to ovate-elliptic, 5-11(-16) × 3-5(-8) cm, membranous or herbaceous, base contracted and decurrent into petiole, margin entire, apex subacuminate. Inflorescence subterminal, 10-20(-25) cm; rachis several to 10-flowered, sometimes with very narrow wing; floral bracts deltoid, 1(-2) mm. Flowers purple; pedicel and ovary 8-16 mm. Dorsal sepal linear or broadly linear, 8-10 × 1.5-2 mm, inconspicuously 3-veined, margin revolute, apex obtuse; lateral sepals narrowly ovate-oblong, slightly oblique, 6-7 × 3-3.5 mm, 3-veined, apex obtuse. Petals reflexed, filiform, 7-8 × ca. 0.5 mm, 1-veined; lip oblong-obovate, 6-6.5 × 4.5-5 mm, base narrowed and with 2 suboblong calli, apex truncate and emarginate. Column 4-5 mm, rather stout, upper part distinctly or indistinctly with narrow wings. Capsule obovate-oblong or narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.5 cm × 6 mm; fruiting pedicel 4-7 mm. Fl. Feb-Jul, fr. Oct. 2n = 36, 40, 42.
Dorsal sepal 5.3–6.3 × 1–2 mm, linear, fleshy, erect or reflexed; lateral sepals 3–5 × 2–3 mm, oblong, falcate, often rolled up, lying below lip.
Leaves 2–3, petiolate with a sheathing base, the lamina to 35 × 9 cm, lanceolate to ovate, acute, ribbed, light green.
Column arched, 2.5–4 mm long with lateral wings towards the apex and an apical wing around the anther.
Peduncle 5-angled with several sheaths; inflorescence densely many-flowered, rhachis to 15 cm long.
Flowers small, c. 6 mm in diameter, green or yellow-green, the lip deep purple or green-purple.
Pseudobulbs up to 4 × 2.5 cm, ovoid, covered with leaf sheaths, partly underground.
Lip 2.5–4 × 2.5–4.5 mm, ± orbicular, auriculate at the base.
Petals 4.5–6 mm long, narrowly linear, reflexed.
Pedicel and ovary 10–12 mm long, erect.
Terrestrial herb to 60 cm tall.
Bracts to 7 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.55 - 0.6
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Liparis nervosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Liparis nervosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Suriname, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:641061-1
WFO ID wfo-0000228357
COL ID 3V9R8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630041
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Liparis nervosa Malaxis nervosa Ophrys nervosa Iebine nervosa Leptorkis nervosa Diteilis nervosa Leptorchis nervosa Leptorchis odorata Leptorchis olivacea Leptorchis bituberculata Leptorchis eggersii Leptorchis guineensis Leptorchis odontostoma Leptorchis guingangae Leptorchis macrocarpa Cymbidium nervosum Diteilis nepalensis Epidendrum nervosum Leptorchis elata Leptorchis kappleri Sturmia kappleri Sturmia nervosa Liparis elata var. rufina Liparis bicallosa var. hachijoensis Liparis nervosa f. aureovariegata

Lower taxons

Liparis nervosa var. khasiana Liparis nervosa subsp. nervosa