Liquidambar formosana Hance

Liquidambar (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Saxifragales > Altingiaceae > Liquidambar

Characteristics

Trees to 30 m tall, trunk sometimes 1 m in diam.; bark gray-brown; branchlets pubescent or glabrous, somewhat lenticellate; buds ovoid, 1 cm, puberulent. Stipules red, nearly free or adnate to petiole, 1–1.4 cm; petiole 8–12 cm, pubescent; leaf blade broadly ovate, palmately 3-lobed and 3-veined, central lobe longer, abaxially usually drying gray-white, pubescent or glabrous, base rounded, margin glandular serrate, apex caudate-acuminate, cordate, subcordate or truncate, veins prominent on both surfaces. Male inflorescence a short spike, several arranged in a raceme. Female inflorescence 24–43-flowered; peduncle 3–6 cm, occasionally lenticellate, eglandular. Male flowers: stamens many, filaments unequal, anthers slightly shorter than filaments. Female flowers: staminode teeth 4–7, needlelike, 4–8 mm; ovary pubescent, styles 6–10 mm, usually coiled backwards. Infructescence globose, 3–4 cm wide. Capsules with persistent staminodes. Seeds many, brown. Fl. Mar–Jun, fr. Jul–Sep.
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A deciduous tree. It grows 18 m high and spreads 9 m wide. It can grow 40 m tall. The trunk is straight. The tree is broadly cone shaped. The bark is grey-white and becomes darker and cracked with age. The leaves usually have 3 lobes. The leaves are 13 cm long by 15 cm wide. The lobes taper to a point and have rounded teeth. The leaves are purple when young and become dark green before turning red to purple in autumn. The leaf stalks have a red tinge. The fruit are small and in clusters are 2.5-4 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to China and Taiwan. It grows in woods and thickets in mountainous areas. It suits hardiness zones 7-10. Mt Cootha Botanical Gardens. Arboretum Tasmania. In Sichuan.
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A very wide range, especially in the warm temperate zones, growing in woodland and in open country. Moist forests; at elevations up to 2,500 metres in the south of its range.
A very wide range, especially in the warm temperate zones, growing in woodland and in open country. Moist forests; at elevations up to 2,500 metres in the south of its range.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The leaves are used as a vegetable.
Uses environmental use material medicinal tea wood
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Arthralgia (fruit), Dysuria (fruit), Low back pain (fruit), Menstruation disturbances (fruit), Urticaria (fruit), Arthralgia (leaf), Dysuria (leaf), Low back pain (leaf), Menstruation disturbances (leaf), Urticaria (leaf), Arthralgia (plant exudate), Dysuria (plant exudate), Low back pain (plant exudate), Menstruation disturbances (plant exudate), Urticaria (plant exudate), Arthralgia (stem), Dysuria (stem), Low back pain (stem), Menstruation disturbances (stem), Urticaria (stem), Anodyne (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Deliriant (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 11 - 13
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -5
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Liquidambar formosana leaf picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Liquidambar formosana world distribution map, present in China, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Taiwan, Province of China, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Liquidambar formosana threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:430709-1
WFO ID wfo-0000364066
COL ID 3VCBY
BDTFX ID 120944
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Liquidambar formosana Liquidambar maximowiczii Liquidambar tonkinensis Liquidambar acerifolia Liquidambar edentata Liquidambar rosthornii Liquidambar formosana var. monticola