Ludwigia perennis L.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Onagraceae > Ludwigia

Characteristics

Annual herb up to 1 m, subglabrous or minutely puberulent on younger parts. Leaves narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 1-11 by 0.3-2.7 cm, narrowly cuneate at base, apex subacute; nerves 6-12 pairs; submarginal vein weakly developed; petiole: 2-15 mm, winged. Sepals 4, rarely 5, deltoid, (1.3-)2-3.5 by (0.5-)0.7-1.8 mm, glabrous or minutely puberulent. Petals yellow, elliptic, 1-3 by 0.7-2mm. Stamens usually 4 or 5, rarely more; filaments 0.3-0.7 mm; anthers 0.5-0.7 by 0.5-0.7 mm, shedding pollen directly on the stigma at anthesis. Pollen shed in tetrads. Disk slightly elevated, glabrous. Style 0.7-1.5 mm; stigma globose, 0.4-0.5 mm ø. Capsule thin-walled, glabrous or puberulent, 3-16 (-19) mm long, terete, pale brown, readily and irregularly loculicidal; capsule sessile or on a pedicel up to 6 mm, often ± nodding. Seeds pluriseriate in each cell, free, brown with fine brown lines, ellipsoid-rounded, 0.3-0.5 by 0.2-0.25 mm; raphe very narrow and inconspicuous. Gametic chromosome number, n = 8.
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Herbs erect, annual, with taproot. Stems 20-100 cm tall, branched, subglabrous or minutely puberulous on younger parts. Petiole 2-15 mm, winged; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 1-11 × 0.3-2.7 cm, lateral veins 6-12 per side, submarginal vein inconspicuous, base narrowly cuneate, apex subacute. Sepals 4, rarely 5, deltate, (1.3-)2-3.5 mm, glabrous or minutely puberulous. Petals yellow, elliptic, 1-3 × 0.7-2 mm. Stamens as many as sepals, or rarely more; filaments 0.3-0.7 mm; anthers 0.5-0.7 mm; pollen in tetrads. Style 0.7-1.5 mm; stigma globose. Capsule often nodding, pale brown, oblanceoloid, terete, 3-16(-19) mm, 2.5-5 mm in diam., thinly walled, readily and irregularly loculicidal, glabrous or puberulous, sessile or pedicel to 6 mm. Seeds in 2 or more rows per locule, free, brown with fine brown lines, 0.3-0.5 mm, raphe very narrow and inconspicuous. Fl. and fr. Jul-Nov. 2n = 16.
Erect, annual herb to 1 m high, usually subglabrous. Leaves alternate, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 1–10 cm long, subacute, narrowly cuneate at base; subsessile or with petiole to 2 cm long. Flowers many, usually solitary in consecutive leaf axils; bracteoles minute or absent. Sepals 4, rarely 5, deltoid. Petals 1–3 mm long, yellow. Stamens as many as sepals. Capsule 3–20 mm long, terete, readily and irregularly dehiscent. Seeds in each locule in several rows and free.
Capsule 3–16 (19) mm. long, thin-walled, glabrous or puberulent, terete, pale brown, readily and irregularly loculicidal; capsule sessile or on a pedicel up to 6 mm. long, often more or less nodding.
Leaves 1–11 × 0·3–2·7 cm., narrowly elliptical to lanceolate, narrowly cuneate at the base, the apex subacute; main veins on each side of the midrib 6–12; petiole 2–15 mm. long, winged.
A herb. It is erect and grows each year from seed. The stems are 20-100 cm tall. The leaves are sword shaped and 1-11 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. The flower petals are yellow.
Seeds 0·3–0·5 × 0·2–0·25 mm., pluriseriate in each locule of the capsule, free, brown with fine brown lines, ellipsoid-rounded; raphe very narrow and inconspicuous.
Stamens usually as many as the sepals, rarely more; filaments 0·3–0·7 mm. long; anthers 0·5–0·7 × 0·5–0·7 mm., shedding pollen directly on the stigma at anthesis.
Sepals 4, rarely 5, (1·3)2–3·5 × (0·5) 0·7–1·8 mm., deltate, glabrous or minutely puberulent.
Annual herb up to 1 m. tall, subglabrous or minutely puberulent on younger parts.
Style 0·7–1·5 mm. long; stigma 0·4–0·5 mm. thick, globose.
Petals 1–3 × 0·7–2 mm., elliptical.
Disk slightly elevated, glabrous.
Pollen shed in tetrads.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Sunny, humid or marshy situations fallow rice-fields, sawah dikes, along ditches, rivers and water-courses, dry riverbeds, sugarcane fields on heavy clay, damp places in Eucalypt savannah (New Guinea), from the lowland to c. 500 m. Fl. Jan.-Dec. In Java and Madura I. decidedly preferring regions subject to a dry monsoon.
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Wet sites such as flood plains, roadside ditches, muddy wallows, abandoned rice paddies; at elevations from near sea level to 1,200 metres in southern China.
It is a tropical plant. It grows in wet sites on flood plains and ditches from near sea level to 1,200 m above sea level. In Yunnan.
Found in wet places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use material medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Antiviral agents (aerial part), Antifungal agents (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Pain (leaf), Urination disorders (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Fever (root), Leukorrhea (root), Fever (unspecified), Diabetes mellitus (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Hypertension (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ludwigia perennis unspecified picture
Ludwigia perennis unspecified picture

Distribution

Ludwigia perennis world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Australia, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Malawi, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Sudan, Senegal, Solomon Islands, South Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tajikistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Ludwigia perennis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:613408-1
WFO ID wfo-0000443282
COL ID 3WDD3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 671260
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Jussiaea perennis Ludwigia oppositifolia Ludwigia lythroides Jussiaea maderaspatana Ludwigia gracilis Ludwigia humbertii Ludwigia multiflora Ludwigia zeylanica Isnardia multiflora Isnardia jussieuodes Isnardia parviflora Jussiaea caryophyllea Ludwigia caryophyllea Ludwigia nesaeoides Jussiaea carophyllaea Ludwigia parviflora Ludwigia perennis