Lycium pilifolium C.H.Wright

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Lycium

Characteristics

Dwarf shrub, up to 1 m high; forming clusters through subterranean tillering. Stems rigid, erect, conspicuously thorny, thorns on young stems many and awl-shaped; young stems and leaves, petioles and calyces pilose with glandular hairs. Leaves clustered on branchlets and thorns, 5-8 per cluster, semisucculent; subsessile or petioles up to 2 mm long; blade obovate or narrowly obovate, 3-10 x 1-4 mm, dull green, pilose. Flowers: bisexual; stamens and style conspicuously exserted from corolla mouth; ring-shaped nectary around ovary base brownish yellow; calyx campanulate, 6-7 mm long, longer than half of corolla tube length, calyx lobes ± as long as calyx tube, oblong with acute apices or narrowly triangular, minutely hirsute; corolla narrowly trumpet-shaped, with tube 7-10 mm long, glabrous on outside; lobes 3-4 mm long, ovate-oblong to semi-orbicular, creamy-white, venation purple and lobes mauve, recurved, glandular hair outside, pilose inside at stamen insertion; Dec.-May, Aug., Sep. depending on rainfall. Fruit a spherical berry, 6-10 mm in diameter, yellow.
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Rigid, erect, densely thorny, dwarf shrub, up to 0.7 m tall, young stems, new leaves and calyx pilose with glandular hairs. Leaves semi-succulent, densely clustered, obovate to narrowly obovate, 3-12 mm long. Flowers bisexual, narrowly trumpet-shaped, 7-9 mm long, creamy white with lilac veins, lobes lilac, reflexed, calyx ± as long as corolla tube. Berries yellow, spherical, 6-10 mm diam.
Corolla creamy-white with violet venation and violet lobes, shallowly trumpet-shaped, glabrous outside; tube 7–10 mm long, as long as or slightly longer than the calyx, sparsely pilose on the inside on the lower half; limb 6–10 mm across; lobes 3–4 mm long, semi-elliptic to semi-ovate or semi-orbicular, reflexed, ciliolate.
Young stems densely pilose with short and long glandular hairs, glabrescent; spines on young stems numerous, subulate, 10–15 mm long, divaricate, on the older ones peg-like and pungent, leafless, 10–20 mm long; bark yellowish-white on young stems, greyish-brown to purplish-brown on older ones.
Shrublet, up to 1 m high, with thorns perpendicular to stems. Leaves obovate to narrowly obovate, 3-10 mm long, with glandular trichomes. Flowers bisexual; calyx 6-7 mm long; corolla 8-10 mm long; nectary brownish yellow, prominent. Flowering time Aug.-Nov. Fruit globose, yellow berry.
Leaves fascicled in clusters of 2–8, subsessile or with a petiole up to 2 mm long; lamina semi-succulent, 3–10(18) × 1–4 mm, obovate or narrowly obovate, apex obtuse to acute, minutely hirsute with long and short glandular hairs.
Calyx 6–7 mm long, campanulate, with vesture as on leaves outside; tube 3–3.5 mm wide; lobes equal to slightly unequal, 3–3.5 mm long, oblong-triangular, obtuse, suberect to slightly reflexed.
Stamens subequal with 3 slightly longer than the other 2, attached at or just below the middle of corolla tube, exserted; filaments 8–12 mm long, densely pilose just above the base.
Rigid, much branched shrub usually 0.3–0.5 m high (elsewhere to 1.5 m).
Ovary (1)1.5–2 mm in diameter, globose; style 10–15 mm long, exserted.
Flowers hermaphrodite, 5-merous; pedicels 3–5 mm long, pilose.
Fruit 6–10 mm in diameter, globose, yellow to red.
Seeds 2.5 × 2 mm, suborbicular to reniform.
Disk prominent, brownish-yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.85
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Lycium pilifolium world distribution map, present in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:816581-1
WFO ID wfo-0001023097
COL ID 3WKNZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lycium dinteri Lycium glandulosissimum Lycium pilifolium Lycium rigidum var. glandulosissimum