Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult.

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Lycium

Characteristics

Leaves fascicled in clusters of 2–6, with a waxy excrescence around their insertion; petiole 2–5 mm long; lamina bright green and glossy adaxially, slightly paler abaxially, herbaceous to semi-succulent, (7)20–35(54) × (4)8–10(15) mm, obovate to elliptic or lanceolate, apex acute to rounded, glabrous or with microscopic, short glandular hairs.
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Corolla creamy-white to pale mauve with purple venation, (10)12–16 mm long, glabrous outside; tube narrowly tubular, sometimes slightly curved, glabrous to sparsely pilose on the inside just below filament insertions; limb 7–11 mm across, creamy-white to pale mauve; lobes (1.5)3–4 mm long, semi-ovate-oblong, spreading, sparsely ciliate.
A thorny shrub. It grows 1.5 m high. It loses its leaves during drought. The leaves are spoon shaped and leathery. They are 2-3.5 cm long by 1 cm wide. The flowers can be pink, blue or white. They are on stalks in the axils of leaves. The fruit are orange-red berries. They are edible.
Stems slightly angular, robust; long branches slightly curving, sometimes pendulous; spines 5–10(15) mm long, leafless except when occurring on very old stems; bark greyish-white to dark ash-grey, seldom dark brown to purplish-brown; brachyblasts greyish-white.
Shrub, up to 2 m high. Leaves and young branches glabrous. Leaves linear-lanceolate to ovate-spathulate, 1.5-4.0 times as long as broad. Peduncles 4 mm long not exserted, filaments glabrous. Flowers white or mauve.
Erect, spreading, sometimes scandent, intricately branched, very spiny shrub 1–2.5(3) m high, infrequently a small tree up to 4.5 m, glabrous.
Stamens unequal, attached above the middle of the corolla tube, 3 included and 2 slightly exserted; filaments (3)4–7(9) mm long, glabrous.
Calyx 3–5 mm long, glabrous; tube narrowly tubular, 1.5–2 mm wide; lobes equal, 0.4–0.6 mm long, triangular, slightly acute, erect.
Ovary 1.5–2 × 1.5 mm, globose; style 10–12 mm long and just shorter than the longest stamen.
Fruit red, 3–5 mm in diameter, globose to slightly obovoid, apparently edible.
Flowers hermaphrodite, 5-merous, pendulous; pedicels (1)6–8 mm long.
Disk inconspicuous, pale brownish-yellow.
Seeds 2 × 1.5 mm, ovate in outline.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in Mediterranean climates. In Bahrain it grows in gravelly and stony soil in desert areas. It grows between 800-3,000 m above sea level. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 0-100 mm. It grows in the Sahara. It can grow in arid places.
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Dry to relatively moist areas such as hilly country to the edge of floodplains; riverbanks and dambos; mixed woodland and wooded grassland; extending into miombo mainly on termitaria; cultivated areas and along roadsides; 910-1463 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The leaves are chopped and cooked as a vegetable and eaten with other greens. Caution: The fruit should only be used with caution.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source material medicinal social use tea
Edible fruits leaves roots shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seed or from stem cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lycium shawii habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii habit picture by Jonathan Golan (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lycium shawii leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii leaf picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lycium shawii flower picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii flower picture by Leigh Winowiecki (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lycium shawii fruit picture by ahmed azmi (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Lycium shawii fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lycium shawii world distribution map, present in United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Botswana, Djibouti, Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Kenya, Kuwait, Libya, Malawi, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Somalia, eSwatini, Tunisia, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Lycium shawii threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:816629-1
WFO ID wfo-0001023190
COL ID 6QPFT
BDTFX ID 82859
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lycium ellenbeckii Lycium jaegeri Lycium albiflorum Lycium arabicum Lycium ovinum Lycium persicum Lycium tenuiramosum Lycium vulgare var. afroides Lycium withaniifolium Lycium europaeum var. persica Lycium merkeri Lycium europaeum subsp. arabicum Lycium vulgare var. intricatum Lycium europaeum f. persica Lycium vulgare f. afroides Lycium shawii Lycium intricatum