Lysimachia clethroides Duby

Gooseneck yellow loosestrife (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Primulaceae > Lysimachia

Characteristics

Stems erect, simple or sometimes branched apically, 3-10 dm, stipitate-glandular, especially distally, pubescent, or glabrous; rhizomes thickened; bulblets absent. Leaves alternate; petiole (0.1-)0.3-2 cm, eciliate; blade broadly elliptic to lanceolate or ovate, 5-11 × (1.6-)2-5 cm, base cuneate, decurrent, margins entire, plane (sometimes revolute), sparsely ciliolate or stipitate-glandular, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces punctate, pubescent or sparsely stipitate-glandular; venation pinnate. Inflorescences terminal, nodding racemes, 8-20 cm. Pedicels 0.4-1.5 cm, stipitate-glandular or pubescent. Flowers: sepals 5, calyx with longitudinal dark resin canals paralleling margins, 2.5-3.5 mm, pubescent or stipitate-glandular at least proximally, lobes lanceolate to ovate, margins thin; petals 5, corolla white, not streaked, campanulate to somewhat rotate, (4.5-)7-9 mm, lobes with margins entire, apex rounded, stipitate-glandular adaxially; filaments connate to 1.6 mm, shorter than corolla; staminodes absent. Capsules 1.5-3 mm, not punctate, glabrous.
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Herbs perennial, 40--100 cm tall, with creeping rhizomes. Stems erect, simple, sparsely pubescent or glabrescent, dull red at base. Leaves alternate, subsessile or petiole 2--10 mm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to broadly lanceolate, 6--16 X 2--5 cm, ± pubescent, sparsely black glandular punctate, base attenuate, apex acuminate. Racemes densely flowered, ca. 6 cm at beginning of anthesis, to 20--40 cm in fruit; rachis densely fulvous pubescent; bracts linear-subulate, slightly longer than pedicels. Pedicel 4--6 mm. Flowers usually secund. Calyx lobes ovate-elliptic, 2.5--3 mm, ciliate, margin membranous, apex rounded. Corolla white; tube ca. 1.5 mm; lobes narrowly oblong, 3.5--4.5 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens included; filaments adnate to corolla tube, free parts ca. 2 mm, glandular; anthers oblong, dorsifixed, ca. 1 mm. Ovary ovoid; style 3--3.5 mm. Capsule subglobose, 2.5--3 mm in diam. Fl. May-Jul. 2n = 24.
A herb. It grows to 75-90 cm high and is 45-60 cm wide. The leaves are large and broadly sword shaped. They are 8-15 cm long. The flowers are small and white. They are in a tapering spike.
Differing from all our other spp. in its alternate lvs and white fls, occasionally escapes from cult., but does not appear to be established; it is native to e. Asia.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in wet ravines and grassy mountain slopes between 300-2,100 m above sea level in southern China. It suits hardiness zones 4-9. Hobart Botanical Gardens. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
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Sunny grassy hills and at low altitudes in mountains all over Japan. Damp woodland margins, wet ravines and grassy mountain slopes at elevations of 300-2100 metres in China.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The shoots and leaves are eaten as a vegetable. The fruit and flowers are also eaten.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible flowers fruits leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Spice (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by division of the plant.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lysimachia clethroides habit picture by Maria Suhostavtzeva (cc-by-sa)
Lysimachia clethroides habit picture by Зобенко Андрей (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lysimachia clethroides leaf picture by Mariken Lorie (cc-by-sa)
Lysimachia clethroides leaf picture by David Johnson (cc-by-sa)
Lysimachia clethroides leaf picture by Mary Pierce (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lysimachia clethroides flower picture by Louise Fode (cc-by-sa)
Lysimachia clethroides flower picture by Marianne Sterk (cc-by-sa)
Lysimachia clethroides flower picture by Schinkel Rolf (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lysimachia clethroides world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Netherlands, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:701080-1
WFO ID wfo-0000442839
COL ID 6R2P6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lysimachia sororia Bernardina clethreides Lysimachia clethroides var. crassifoliosa Lysimachia clethroides