Malus angustifolia (Aiton) Michx.

Southern crab apple (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Malus

Characteristics

Trees, sometimes shrubs, 10–50(–100) dm. Stems 5–25 cm diam.; bark reddish brown to gray, longitudinally fissured with platelike scales; young branches reddish brown, sparsely puberulent, becoming gray or grayish brown, glabrescent; flowering shoots developing as short spurs or spiny thorns, (5–)10–40(–60) mm. Buds reddish brown, ovoid, 1.6 mm, scale margins tomentose. Leaves conduplicate in bud; heteromorphic; stipules deciduous, linear-lanceolate, 2–4(–5) mm, apex acuminate; vigorous shoot leaves: petiole (10–)15–25 mm, villous, sometimes tomentose; blade elliptic, oval, or ovate, sometimes triangular-ovate, (3.5–)4–6(–8) × (1.5–)3–4(–5) cm, base cuneate, sometimes rounded, margins sometimes slightly lobed, crenate, crenate-serrate, serrate, or entire, sometimes doubly serrate, apex rounded, broadly acute, sometimes apiculate, abaxial surface glabrous (villous only on veins), adaxial glabrous; flowering shoot leaves: petiole 3–10(–25) mm, villous, sometimes glabrous; blade elliptic or oblong, sometimes ovate, obovate, or lanceolate, (9–)15–50(–65) × (7–)10–20(–30) mm, base cuneate, sometimes rounded, margins unlobed, crenate, crenate-serrate, or entire, apex rounded (with point or acute), abaxial surface glabrous (veins villous), adaxial glabrous. Panicles corymblike; peduncles absent; bracteoles sometimes persistent, filiform, (1–)3–4(–6) mm. Pedicels (10–)20–30(–40) mm, glabrous, sometimes slightly villous. Flowers 20–30 mm diam.; hypanthium glabrous, rarely slightly villous; sepals triangular, (2–)3–4(–5) mm, equal to tube, apex acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hoary-tomentose; petals pink, sometimes fading white, oblong to narrowly obovate, (10–)12–16(–22) mm, claws (2–)3 mm, margins entire, sinuate, or fimbriate, apex rounded; stamens 20, (7–)9–12(–14) mm, anthers pink or rose before dehiscence; styles 5, connate basally, (6–)9–12(–15) mm, usually slightly longer than stamens, tomentose in proximal 1/3. Pomes green or yellow-green, subglobose, 10–20(–30) mm diam., cores not enclosed at apex; sepals persistent, erect; sclereids abundant surrounding core. Seeds dark brown. 2n = 34 (68).
More
A small tree. The trunk is short. The branches are spreading. The crown is open. It grows 9 m high. The bark is grey or brown and cracks into narrow scaly ridges. The leaves are 2.5-7 cm long and 12-19 mm wide. They are narrowly oval and often have a blunt tip. They are wavy along the edge and have teeth. They are dull green above and paler underneath. They turn brown in autumn. The leaf stalk is slender and 12-19 mm long. The flowers are 2.5-4 cm wide with 5 rounded pink petals. The flowers occur in clusters on long stalks. The fruit are 2-2.5 cm wide and yellow-green. They have long stalks and are sour.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 7.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Open woods, thickets, hillsides, stream and lake banks, flood plains, terraces, roadsides, open fields; growing on sandy soils and clay soils; at elevations from 10-700 metres.
More
It is a tropical plant. It grows in moist valleys and along fences. It grows to 610 m altitude in the SE region of USA.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

The fruit is used for preserves, pickles, jellies and sauces. The fruit are sliced and sun dried.
Uses environmental use food gene source timber wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Malus angustifolia leaf picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Malus angustifolia leaf picture by Heather Anne Walter (cc-by-sa)
Malus angustifolia leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Malus angustifolia world distribution map, present in United States of America

Conservation status

Malus angustifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:726394-1
WFO ID wfo-0001013560
COL ID 6R58Y
BDTFX ID 54221
INPN ID 116560
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Malus sempervirens Pyrus sempervirens Pyrus angustifolia Malus angustifolia Malus ioensis var. spinosa Pyrus ioensis var. spinosa Malus angustifolia var. angustifolia

Lower taxons

Malus angustifolia var. puberula