Malus hupehensis (Pamp.) Rehder

Hupeh crabapple (en), Pommier du hou-pei (fr), Pommier de l'Hubei (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Malus

Characteristics

Trees, to 80 dm. Stems to 30 cm diam.; bark dark gray or dark brown, smooth or rough; young branches dark green and puberulous, becoming purplish or purplish brown and glabrous at maturity; flowering shoots developing as spurs, 5–20(–40) mm. Buds dark purple, ovoid, 3–4(–5) mm, scale margins sparsely ciliate. Leaves convolute in bud; isomorphic; stipules deciduous, linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 10–30 mm, sparsely pubescent when young, glabrescent; blade ovate or ovate-oblong, 5–10 × 2.4–4 cm, base broadly cuneate, rarely rounded, margins unlobed, sharply serrulate, apex acuminate, surfaces sparsely puberulent when young, becoming glabrous. Panicles umbel-like; peduncles absent; bracteoles rarely persistent, lanceolate, 2 mm. Pedicels 30–40 mm, glabrous or slightly villous. Flowers 35–40 mm diam.; hypanthium ?constricted distal to ovaries?, glabrous or sparsely villous; sepals triangular-ovate, 4–5 mm, equal to or shorter than tube, apex acute or acuminate, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial hairy; petals white, sometimes pink-white, obovate, 15 mm, claws 1 mm, margins crenulate, apex rounded; stamens 20, 6–8 mm, anthers white before dehiscence; styles 3(or 4), basally connate to 1/2 length, 7–9 mm, slightly longer than stamens, proximally tomentose. Pomes greenish yellow with red blush, ellipsoid or subglobose, 10 mm diam., cores enclosed at apex; sepals deciduous; sclereids sparse to moderate surrounding core. Seeds brown. 2n = 51, 68.
More
Trees to 8 m tall. Branchlets initially dark green, purple or purplish brown when old, terete, initially puberulous, glabrous when old; buds dark purple, ovoid; scales sparsely ciliate at margin. Stipules caducous, linear-lanceolate, 5–6 mm, herbaceous or membranous, sparsely pubescent, margin sparsely glandular denticulate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–3 cm, sparsely puberulous when young, glabrescent; leaf blade ovate or ovate-elliptic, 5–10 × 2.5–4 cm, sparsely puberulous when young, glabrescent, base broadly cuneate, rarely rounded, margin acutely serrulate, apex acuminate. Corymb 4–6 cm in diam., 4–6-flowered; bracts caducous, lanceolate, membranous, margin sparsely glandular serrate when young, apex acuminate. Pedicel 3–6 cm, sparsely villous when young, later glabrous. Flowers 3.5–4 cm diam. Hypanthium campanulate, adaxially glabrous or sparsely villous. Sepals triangular-ovate, 4–5 mm, ca. as long as or shorter than hypanthium, abaxially glabrous, adaxially pubescent, margin entire, apex acuminate or acute. Petals pink in bud, becoming white, obovate, ca. 1.5 cm, base shortly clawed, apex rounded. Stamens 20 unequal, ca. 1/2 as long as petals. Ovary 3-or 4-loculed, with 2 ovules per locule; styles 3(or 4), slightly longer than stamens, tomentose basally. Pome yellowish green, tinged red, ellipsoid or subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam.; fruiting pedicel 3–6 cm, glabrous; sepals caducous; with a small scar at apex. Fl. Apr–May, fr. Aug–Sep. 2n = 51*, 68*.
A deciduous tree. It grows 12 m tall. It is a broad spreading shape. The bark is purple-brown and flakes into rectangular plates. The freshly exposed bark is orange-brown. The flowers are white and on long stalks. They are 5 cm across and have 5 broadly overlapping petals. They have a scent. The fruit are rounded and flattened. They are deep red and 1 cm across. They hang in clusters on long slender stalks.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 7.5
Mature height (meter) 6.5 - 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is native to China. It grows in mountain woodlands. It can grow in full sun and part shade. It needs moderately fertile, moist and well-drained soil. It suits hardiness zones 4-10.
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Mixed forests, slopes and valley thickets; at elevations from sea level to 2,900 metres.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The leaves are used as a substitute for tea. The sour fruit is eaten. The fruit are used for wine.
Uses environmental use food gene source medicinal rootstock tea timber wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 3
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Malus hupehensis leaf picture by Hayley Schultz (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Malus hupehensis flower picture by kath Cullen (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Malus hupehensis fruit picture by Brianna Brinkley (cc-by-sa)
Malus hupehensis fruit picture by Paige Orna (cc-by-sa)
Malus hupehensis fruit picture by Clara Stevens (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Malus hupehensis world distribution map, present in China and United States of America

Conservation status

Malus hupehensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:726310-1
WFO ID wfo-0001004481
COL ID 3XQW7
BDTFX ID 40731
INPN ID 107209
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Malus hupehensis Pyrus theifera Malus theifera Pyrus hupehensis Malus domestica var. hupehensis