Malva alcea L.

Vervain mallow (en), Mauve alcée (fr), Mauve Alcée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Malva

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 0.3–1.3 m, usually stellate-canescent. Stems erect, sparsely hirsute proximally, stellate-hairy distally, hairs often pustulose. Leaves: stipules deciduous, lanceolate, slightly falcate, 5(–10) × 1–2.5 mm, ciliate; petioles of lower leaves 1.5–2.5 times as long as blade, reduced distally to 1/2 blade length, stellate-hairy; blade 2–8 × 2–8 cm, base cordate to somewhat truncate, those most distal sometimes wide-cuneate, surfaces stellate-hairy, proximal leaf blades cordate-orbiculate, margins crenate to dentate, shallowly lobed, apex rounded, distal leaf blades deeply (3–)5-lobed, lobe margins obtusely dentate or pinnatifid, apex narrowly acute. Inflorescences axillary, flowers solitary or distal flowers in racemes. Pedicels conspicuously jointed distally, 1.4–2 cm, not much longer in fruit; involucellar bractlets distinct, not adnate to calyx, ovate or ovate-deltate to obovate, narrowed to base, 5–8(–12) × 2.5(–5) mm, shorter than calyx, margins entire, surfaces stellate-hairy or glabrate. Flowers: calyx 9–12(–15) mm, lobes enclosing mericarps, stellate-hairy; petals usually bright pink, rarely white, 20–35 mm, length 2.5–3 times calyx; staminal column 9–10 mm, sparsely stellate-hairy; style 18–20-branched; stigmas 18–20. Schizocarps 4–8 mm diam.; mericarps 18–20, black, 2.4–2.8 mm, apical surface and margins rounded, smooth or faintly ridged, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Seeds brown, 2.5 mm. 2n = 84.
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Much like no. 1 [Malva moschata L.]; stem distinctly stellate-hairy; primary segments of the upper lvs merely shallowly lobed or coarsely toothed above the middle; bractlets oblong to ovate or obovate, densely stellate on the back, as also the cal; mature carpels glabrous or sparsely pubescent, keeled on the back; 2n=84. Native of Europe, occasionally escaped from cult., especially in ne. U.S. June–Sept.
A herb which keeps growing from year to year. It grows 50-100 cm tall. The leaves are dark green above and light green underneath and have deep lobes. They have teeth along the edge. The flowers are mauve-pink. They are 3-9 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.1 - 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Gardens, vineyards, parks and waste places. Disturbed areas, roadsides, old farm sites; at elevations up to 400 metres.
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It is a temperate plant. It suits hardiness zones 3-8.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The unripe fruit are eaten raw as a snack. The leaves are used in soups and vegetable dishes. The flowers can be eaten in salads.
Uses dye environmental use fiber medicinal oil ornamental
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 5 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Malva alcea habit picture by Frank Sundermeyer (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea habit picture by Jacques Zuber (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea habit picture by Irmgard Groß (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Malva alcea leaf picture by Thibaut Durr (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea leaf picture by Gilles Istin (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea leaf picture by nimye (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Malva alcea flower picture by stéphane arena (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea flower picture by Kathy Stridsyxa (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea flower picture by Julien Fontaine (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Malva alcea fruit picture by jacques maréchal (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea fruit picture by Irmgard Groß (cc-by-sa)
Malva alcea fruit picture by cscoq (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Malva alcea world distribution map, present in Belarus, Canada, France, Russian Federation, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:561521-1
WFO ID wfo-0000449278
COL ID 3XQZY
BDTFX ID 40764
INPN ID 107224
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Malva bismalva Malva cannabina Alcea palmata Bismalva alcea Malva morisonii Malva morenii Malva divotiana Malva lobata Malva fastigiata Malva italica Malva alceoides Bismalva fastigiata Malva excisa Malva alcea subsp. excisa Malva abulensis Malva alcea subsp. fastigiata Malva alcea

Lower taxons

Malva alcea var. fastigiata Malva alcea subsp. ribifolia