Malva moschata L.

Musk-mallow (en), Mauve musquée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Malva

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 0.3–1.3 m, hairs usually spreading, simple, sometimes stellate-hairy distally. Stems erect to ascending, sparsely hirsute proximally, stellate-hairy distally. Leaves: stipules persistent, linear to narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 3–8 × 2–3 mm; petioles of proximal leaf blades 3 times as long as blade, reduced to 1/2 blade length distally, mid-stem petioles 2 times as long as blade, hairs simple; distal blades usually round to reniform, deeply 5–7-lobed, lobes acutely 2-pinnatifid, 2–6 × 5–6 cm, base deeply cordate, margins irregularly toothed, apex rounded, obtuse, or acute, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy, hairs simple or stellate. Inflorescences axillary, flowers solitary or in fascicles, often appearing short-racemose or subumbellate terminally, long-stalked. Pedicels (0.5–)0.8–2.5 cm, to 10–35 cm in fruit, hairs simple; involucellar bractlets distinct, not adnate to calyx, linear to narrowly oblanceolate or elliptic, 5 × 1–1.5 mm, to 7–8 mm in fruit, length 1/2 calyx, margins entire, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hirsute and long-ciliate. Flowers: calyx reticulate-veined, 6–8 mm, to 15 mm in fruit, outer surface hairy, hairs both simple and stellate; petals bright pink to pale purple or white, 20–35 mm, length 2.5–3 times calyx; staminal column 7–8(–10) mm, glabrate; style 11–15-branched; stigmas 11–15. Schizocarps 9–11 mm diam.; mericarps 11–15, black, 1.5–2 mm, apical face and margins rounded, sides thin and papery, smooth, surfaces densely hirsute at least apically. Seeds 1.2–1.5 mm. 2n = 42.
More
Erect perennial herb. Stems moderately hairy with only simple hairs. Lvs sparsely to moderately hairy with simple hairs and rarely a few stellate hairs below, ± glabrous above; lower lvs reniform, shallowly 3-5-palmately lobed and crenate, 5-8 cm diam.; upper stem lvs deeply divided ± to base with usually 5, 2-pinnatifid lobes; ultimate segments ± linear; petiole 1-20 cm long; stipules linear to lanceolate, 5-8 mm long. Fls solitary in lower axils and racemose at apex; fruiting pedicels (8)-10-50 mm long; epicalyx segments linear or narrow-ovate, < calyx; calyx teeth ovate, acute to acuminate, moderately hairy with simple and stellate hairs, enlarged at fruiting; petals usually pink, sometimes white, 2-4× as long as calyx, (15)-20-30 mm long. Mericarps c. 15-20 per fr., densely hairy, smooth on back; edges rounded.
Erect perennial, 4–10 dm, rough-hairy; lvs orbicular in outline, 5–7-parted, the segments of the upper lvs again deeply pinnatifid; fls partly solitary on long pedicels fromthe upper axils, but chiefly crowded in terminal clusters; bractlets linear to narrowly lanceolate or oblanceolate, ciliate, glabrous or nearly so on the back; pet white to pale purple, triangular, 2–3.5 cm; mature carpels densely hairy, rounded on the back, not rugose; 2n=42. Native of Europe, escaped from cult., along roadsides and in waste places; Que. and N.S. to B.C., s. to Va. and Mo., more common northward. June–Sept.
A herb which keeps growing from year to year. It grows 60-100 cm high and spreads 45 cm wide. The leaves are mid green and narrow and finely cut. They are divided like fingers on a hand. They have a musk smell when crushed. The flowers are saucer shaped and rose-pink. They occur singly in the axils of the upper leaves. The petals are 20-35 mm long and twice as long as the sepals. The fruit are nutlets with long white hairs.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.45 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It usually grows on dry fertile soil. It needs an open sunny position. It is resistant to frost and drought. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 700 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 3-10. Tasmania Herbarium.
More
Grassy places, pastures, hedgebanks etc, especially on rich soils, avoiding acid soils. Meadows, coppices, wood margins, gardens and parks, ruderal sites and rubbish dumps.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-8

Usage

The young shoots are cooked as a vegetable.
Uses dye environmental use fiber medicinal oil ornamental
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Febrifuge (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seed or division.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 5 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 13
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Malva moschata habit picture by randovu (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata habit picture by David Hocken (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata habit picture by JYCO (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Malva moschata leaf picture by Gene Grenier (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata leaf picture by Vincent Thery (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata leaf picture by Alice Bennett (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Malva moschata flower picture by Dick Kamp (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata flower picture by francois tissot (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata flower picture by Sebastien Le Mee (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Malva moschata fruit picture by Arnaud Bonafos (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata fruit picture by Marie-lorraine Quemeneur (cc-by-sa)
Malva moschata fruit picture by Tim Behrens (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Malva moschata world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:561790-1
WFO ID wfo-0000449199
COL ID 6R4X7
BDTFX ID 40848
INPN ID 107282
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Alcea pinnatifida Malva geraniifolia Malva moschata Malva lamottei Malva dethardingii Malva laciniata Malva moschata f. moschata Bismalva laciniata Bismalva moschata Malva orsiniana Malva moschata f. alba