Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke

Threelobe false mallow (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Malvastrum

Characteristics

Suffrutex or shrub up to 1.5 m high, covered with simple and 4-rayed, strigose hairs, the rays approximate in pairs. Leaves with the petiole slender, up to 2.5 cm long, strigose, the stipules lanceolate, acuminate, 5-10 mm long; blade oblong-lanceolate to rounded-ovate, broadly cuneate to sometimes truncate at the base, acute or obtuse at the apex, coarsely serrate, at the margin, 3-8 cm long, the nerva-tion prominent beneath, strigose on both sides, the indumentum however denser on the lower surface. Flowers axillary, solitary or in glomerules, the individual flow-ers sessile or shortly pedicellate, the pedicel up to 5 mm long; epicalyx bractlets linear-subulate, acute, 3-6 mm long and 0.5-1 mm broad, hispid; calyx broadly campanulate, 5-costate, lobed to or slightly below the middle, 5-7 mm long, strigose, the lobes ovate, acuminate, ciliolate; petals 8-9 mm long and 4-6 mm broad, the claw barbate; androecium slightly shorter than the calyx, the staminal tube ca 3-3.5 mm long, glabrous; styles 5-6 mm long, connate in the lower part. Mericarps 10-12, dorsally sulcate, ca 2 mm long and 1-1.2 mm thick, the apex provided with an erect awn ca 1-1.5 mm long, with 2 short, dorsal awns ca 0.5 mm long near the middle, dorsally and in part laterally minutely stellate-puberulus and hispid toward the apex.
More
Herbs, annual or perennial, 0.2–0.6(–1) m, with 1 main stem, freely branching in proximal 1/2. Stems erect or decumbent, hairs scattered, appressed, bilateral, (2–)4-rayed, swollen-based, not sublepidote, hairs 1–3 mm. Leaves: stipules persistent, lanceolate, subfalcate to falcate, 3–6 × 0.5–1 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 10–20(–40) mm; blade ovate to ± lanceolate, unlobed, (1.7–)3–4(–6.5) × (0.6–)1.5–3(–5.5) cm, 1.1–2.8 times longer than wide, 2.5–4.5 times longer than petiole, not greatly reduced on stem distally, base truncate to broadly-rounded to often wide-cuneate, margins dentate to serrate, apex acute, surfaces sparsely hairy, hairs bilateral, 2–4-rayed, stellate or with simple hairs on adaxial surface. Inflorescences axillary, solitary flowers, flowers sometimes congested towards branch tips; floral bracts absent. Pedicels 1–2 mm, to 3–5 mm in fruit; involucellar bractlets basally adnate to calyx for 0.5–1 mm, lanceolate, subfalcate, 4–6 × 0.6–1 mm, shorter than calyx lobes, apex acute.
Subshrubs, sometimes annual, to 1(-1.5) m tall, most parts pilose and appressed stellate pubescent. Stipules lanceolate, 5-7 mm; petiole 0.7-3 cm, densely pilose; leaf blade ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 3-7 × 0.8-4 cm, abaxially pilose and stellate pilose, adaxially sparsely hairy, base broadly cuneate to rounded, margin coarsely dentate, apex acute or obtuse. Flowers axillary, solitary. Pedicel 3-5(-10) mm, pilose. Epicalyx lobes filiform, ca. 5 × 1 mm, pilose. Calyx shallowly cup-shaped, 5-7 mm in flower, accrescent to 8-11 mm in fruit, lobes ovate, ca. 8 mm, abaxially sparsely pubescent with stellate hairs, adaxially nearly glabrous, apex acuminate. Corolla apricot-yellow, ca. 1.5 cm in diam.; petals obovate, 6-9 × ca. 4 mm. Filament tube ca. 6 mm, glabrous. Schizocarp ca. 6 mm in diam.; mericarps 8-12(-14), reniform, sparsely pubescent with simple hairs mixed with stellate hairs, ca. 2.5 mm in diam., 3-cusped (2 abaxial, 1 apical), endoglossum lacking. Seeds ca. 1 mm in diam.
Erect to spreading, annual or biennial suffrutex, 0.6-1.0 m high; young parts densely covered with simple and 4-rayed, white stellate-strigose hairs. Leaves simple, lanceolate to ovate, dentate; veins of lower surfaces white-strigose. Flowers axillary, solitary or in few-flowered clusters. Epicalyx of 3 linear-lanceolate bracts. Calyx campanulate, foliaceous in fruit. Petals scarcely longer than calyx, pale yellow or yellow-orange. Staminal tube shorter than petals; filaments divided at apex into ± 20-40 anthers. Flowering time Oct.-Feb. Fruit a discoid schizocarp. Mericarps 10-15, 1-seeded, indehiscent, reniform, hispid, with 1 apical and 2 dorsal awns pointing outward. Seeds reniform, glabrous.
A herb or shrub. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 0.2-1.5 m high. It is hairy. The leaves are 1-7 cm long and 1-4 cm wide. The flowers are yellow or red. The flowers are in the axils and can occur singly or be in groups. The fruit are round and in groups of 8-14 and 2 mm across.
Annual or biennial herb, up to 1 m high, sparsely covered with simple and 4-rayed stellate-strigose hairs. Leaves ovate, coarsely serrate. Flowers yellow.
Life form annual
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in tropical and subtropical places. In Zimbabwe it grows between 1,200-1,550 m above sea level. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 2,000 m above sea level.
More
A common weed of cultivated ground, pastures and waste places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The young tender leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. The seeds are cooked as a vegetable. They are also used as a condiment.
Uses animal food material medicinal
Edible barks leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Analgesics (aerial part), Polyuria (bark), Pectoralis muscles (flower), Wound healing (flower), Diaphoretic (flower), Analgesics (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Antipyretics (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Aphrodisiacs (leaf), Blister (leaf), Diabetes mellitus (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Emollients (leaf), Inflammation (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Jaundice (leaf), Pregnancy complications (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Sprains and strains (leaf), Ulcer (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Cooling effect on body (leaf), Anticonvulsants (root), Aphrodisiacs (root), Blister (root), Erectile dysfunction (root), Parasympatholytics (root), Disorder of ejaculation (seed), Antipyretics (stem), Diarrhea (stem), Emollients (stem), Jaundice (stem), Ulcer (stem), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Resolvent (unspecified), Ringworm (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Bechic (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Antitussive agents (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Emollients (unspecified), Thyroid diseases (unspecified), Contraceptive agents (whole plant), Hypertension (whole plant), Immunomodulation (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Malvastrum coromandelianum habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum habit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Malvastrum coromandelianum leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum leaf picture by Christina Evilsizer (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum leaf picture by marileia Oliveira (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Malvastrum coromandelianum flower picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum flower picture by Bre Bitz (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Malvastrum coromandelianum fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Malvastrum coromandelianum fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Malvastrum coromandelianum world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Anguilla, Argentina, French Southern Territories, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Botswana, Chile, China, Cook Islands, Colombia, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Ecuador, Spain, Fiji, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guam, Guyana, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Japan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Morocco, Madagascar, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Malawi, Namibia, Nicaragua, Niue, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Paraguay, Réunion, Sudan, El Salvador, Sao Tome and Principe, eSwatini, Seychelles, Togo, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Uruguay, United States of America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:562048-1
WFO ID wfo-0000449486
COL ID 3XRH2
BDTFX ID 82674
INPN ID 447307
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Malva luzonica Malva domingensis Malva betuloides Malva borbonica Malva subhastata Sida fauriei Sida carpinoides Sida mucronulata Malva coromandelica Malva ulmifolia Malva lindheimeriana Malva antillarum Malva carpinifolia Malva coromandeliana Malvastrum lindheimerianum Malvastrum ruderale Malva havanensis Malvastrum tricuspidatum Malva tricuspidata Malveopsis coromandeliana Malva hispida Malva ruderalis Sida coromandelina Sida oahuensis Malvastrum coromandelianum subsp. coromandelianum Malveopsis coromandeliana var. capitatospicata Malvastrum coromandelianum var. congestum Malvastrum tricuspidatum var. capitatospicatum Malvastrum tricuspidatum var. congestum Malva tricuspidata var. subtriloba Malveopsis coromandeliana var. parvifolia Malvastrum coromandelianum