Matricaria discoidea Dc.

Matricaire discoïde (fr), Matricaire fausse camomille (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Matricaria

Characteristics

Annuals, (1–)4–40(–50) cm; aromatic (pineapple odor when bruised). Stems 1–10+, usually erect or ascending, sometimes decumbent, branched from bases. Leaf blades (5–)10–65(–85) × 2–20 mm. Heads discoid, (1–)4–50(–300), usually borne singly, sometimes in open, corymbiform arrays. Peduncles 2–25(–30) mm (sometimes villous near heads). Involucres 2.5–3.8 mm. Phyllaries 29–47+ in 3 series, margins mostly entire. Receptacles 2.5–7.5 mm, ± acute or obtuse. Ray florets 0. Discs hemispheric to broadly ovoid, 4–7(–11) × 4–7.5(–10) mm. Disc florets 125–535+; corollas greenish yellow, 1.1–1.3 mm (± glandular), lobes 4(–5). Cypselae pale brown to tan, ± cylindric-obconic (asymmetric, abaxially ± gibbous distally), 1.15–1.5 mm, ribs white (lateral 2 each with reddish brown mucilage gland along ± entire length, glands sometimes distally expanded, abaxial 1–2 weak, sometimes each with elongate mucilaginous gland), faces not glandular; pappi coroniform, entire. 2n = 18. [as M. matricarioides]
More
Plants to c. 45 cm high but mostly 5–20 cm high, glabrous. Leaves to c. 4.5 cm long; segments linear. Capitula solitary or few, discoid, 5–9 mm diam.; peduncle to c. 1 cm long; involucre 3–4.5 mm long; inner bracts with hyaline extension c. 1 mm long; mature receptacle ovoid. Ray florets absent. Disc florets: corolla c. 1 mm long; tube usually slightly longer and broader than limb; limb 4-lobed, greenish. Achenes obovoid, 1.2–1.5 mm long. Pappus a minute scarious rim.
A herb. It grows each year from seed. It grows 35 cm tall.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.33
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grows in waste areas in urban environments.
More
It is a Mediterranean climate plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The flowers are used for herbal tea.
Uses fiber incense insecticide medicinal non-vertebrate poison poison tea
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Antidiarrheal (flower), Dermatological Aid (flower), Analgesic (leaf), Carminative (leaf), Gastrointestinal Aid (leaf), Laxative (leaf), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Antidiarrheal (leaf), Dermatological Aid (seed), Disinfectant (seed), Cold Remedy (seed), Gastrointestinal Aid (seed), Panacea (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Antidiarrheal (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified), Unspecified (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Anticonvulsive (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Antihemorrhagic (unspecified), Adjuvant (unspecified), Cold Remedy (unspecified), Love Medicine (unspecified), Veterinary Aid (unspecified), Witchcraft Medicine (unspecified), Heart Medicine (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Parturition (unspecified), Perfume (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 5 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Matricaria discoidea habit picture by Frank Sundermeyer (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea habit picture by Georg Lanzl (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Matricaria discoidea leaf picture by Nathanaël Ruaux (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea leaf picture by weber st. (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea leaf picture by ryan frahm (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Matricaria discoidea flower picture by Mieke Geerts (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea flower picture by Hans van Loenhoud (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea flower picture by Mieke Geerts (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Matricaria discoidea fruit picture by Jacques Maréchal (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea fruit picture by Roy R (cc-by-sa)
Matricaria discoidea fruit picture by Yoan MARTIN (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Matricaria discoidea world distribution map, present in Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Guadeloupe, Greece, Greenland, Guatemala, Croatia, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, Moldova (Republic of), Mexico, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:154716-2
WFO ID wfo-0000028105
COL ID 736RP
BDTFX ID 41044
INPN ID 107446
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Matricaria discoidea Tanacetum pauciflorum Artemisia matricarioides Tanacetum matricarioides Anthemis inconspicua Matricaria tanacetoides Chamomilla discoidea Pyrethrum defloratum Pyrethrum breviradiatum Chrysanthemum discodes Matricaria matricarioides Santolina suaveolens Tanacetum suaveolens Chamomilla suaveolens Matricaria graveolens Tanacetum pauciflorum Lepidanthus suaveolens Lepidotheca suaveolens Chrysanthemum suaveolens Akylopsis suaveolens Matricaria suaveolens Cenocline pauciflora Matricaria discoidea subsp. discoidea Matricaria graveolens var. graveolens Matricaria graveolens var. discoidea Cotula matricarioides