Melastomastrum capitatum (Vahl) A.Fern. & R.Fern.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Melastomataceae > Melastomastrum

Characteristics

Woody herb or shrub up to 2 m. high; stems robust, erect or weak and flexuous, sparsely scabrid to densely strigose.. Leaf-lamina ovate, up to 13 cm. long and 5 cm. wide, apex acute, base cuneate to shortly attenuate, strigose on both surfaces; nerves 5, impressed above, subprominent beneath; petiole up to 1.6 cm. long.. Inflorescence of 2 or more flowers enclosed in an involucre of bracts, sessile; outer bracts leafy; inner bracts persistent, oblong, acute, membranous with tufts of long hairs towards the base.. Calyx ± 11 mm. long, 5 mm. in diameter, crimson, glabrous except for a few bristles at the base; lobes lanceolate, 7 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, acuminate, margins sparsely ciliate.. Petals broadly obovate, 20 mm. long, 15 mm. wide, mauve.. Long stamens 22 mm. long, anthers 9 mm. long, mauve, free part of connective 4 mm. long with 2 lobes 1–2 mm. long; short stamens 12 mm. long, anthers 5 mm. long, yellow, free part of connective 0.5 mm. long with 2 lobes 1 mm. long.. Ovary 5 mm. long, glabrous except for the apical crown of bristles; style ± 12 mm. long.. Fig. 7/12.
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Leaf-lamina 5–13(16) x 1·5–6·5(7·5) cm., ovate to narrowly elliptic, acute at the apex, acute or roundish at the base, membranous to somewhat rigid, dark green above, paler beneath, ± appressed-strigose on both faces, the bristles on the upper face prolonged by white raised lines, longitudinally 5–7-nerved, the longitudinal nerves impressed above, prominent beneath, the transverse ones inconspicuous above, ± conspicuous beneath, very oblique; petiole 0·5–3 cm. long, slender, somewhat compressed, strigose.
Flowers ± numerous, in dense heads surrounded by the upper leaves and by foliaceous bracts; inner bracts closely sheathing the receptacle, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, scarious, ciliate at margin, glabrous or strigose on the back along the median line.
Branches obtusely 4-gonous and deeply furrowed upwards, cylindric towards the base, sparsely strigillose, the bristles short, appressed, longer at the nodes; intemodes 4–17 cm. long.
Long stamens: anthers 7–8 mm. long, lanceolate-subulate, purple; pedoconnective 5–6 mm. long with the 2 anterior appendages 2 mm. long.
Receptacle c. 10 x 5 mm., cylindric or ovoid-cylindric, surrounded by long whitish bristles at the very base.
Short stamens: anthers 6–7 mm. long, lanceolate, yellow; pedoconnective c. 0·75 mm. long.
Fructiferous receptacle c. 13–15 x6–7 mm., urceolate, cream-coloured to greyish.
Sepals 6–7 x 2·5–3 mm., triangular-subulate, ciliate; intersepalar segments 0.
An erect or suberect perennial herb or a shrub 40–60(90) cm. high.
Petals 20 x 15 mm., widely obovate, light mauve to violet.
Seeds c. 0·75 mm. long, indistinctly tuberculate.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Melastomastrum capitatum world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:571370-1
WFO ID wfo-0001082233
COL ID 6QX94
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Heterotis vogelii Tristemma capitatum Dissotis erecta Melastomastrum capitatum Tristemma erectum Heterotis capitata Dissotis capitata Melastoma capitata Melastomastrum capitatum var. capitatum Melastomastrum erectum Melastomastrum capitatum var. silvaticum