Micrococca mercurialis Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Micrococca

Characteristics

An annual herb up to 60 cm., although more commonly ± 30 cm. tall.. Young shoots and petioles crisped-puberulous or-pubescent.. Petioles 0.5–3.5 cm. long, with 2 minute subulate stipels at the apex; leaf-blade ovate, elliptic-ovate, ovate-rhombic or ovate-lanceolate, 2–7.5 cm. long, 0.7–4 cm. wide, obtusely or subacutely shortly acuminate at the apex, cuneate or rounded at the base, crenate, membranaceous, lateral nerves 4–7 pairs, the lowest 2 or 3 pairs often crowded, the upper remote, ascending and inwardly arching, sparingly pubescent above and beneath at first, soon glabrescent above and subglabrous beneath, smooth, dull grey-green, sometimes purplish tinged.. Stipules triangular, 0.5 mm. long, translucent.. Infloresences bisexual or rarely unisexual, 3–8(–12.5) cm. long; axis slender, sparingly pubescent to subglabrous; bracts lanceolate, 1 mm. long, green with hyaline margins.. Male flowers: pedicels capillary, articulate, 2 mm. long, glabrous, white; calyx-lobes 3, elliptic-obovate to suborbicular, 0.75 mm. long, rounded, subglabrous without, glabrous within, yellowish green; stamens (3–)6–10(–20), 1-multi-seriate, filaments 0.5 mm. long, purple, anthers minute, yellow; disc-glands stipitate, spathulate, pubescent, purple.. Female flowers: pedicels not as slender as ♂, articulate, 2 mm. long, subglabrous; calyx-lobes 3–5, lanceolate, 2 mm. long, sharply acute, sparingly pubescent without, glabrous within, green with a narrow hyaline margin; disc-glands linear-filiform, 1 mm. long; ovary (2–)3(–4)-lobate, 1 mm. diameter, minutely papillose, strigose, purple; styles 1 mm. long, glabrous, ochreous-tawny.. Fruit roundly (2–)3(–4)-lobate, 2.5 mm. long, 4 mm. diameter, strigose, often purplish.. Seeds angular-subglobose, truncate-apiculate at the chalazal end, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, muricate, pinkish brown.. Fig. 52.
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Herb to 40 cm high. Stipules triangular, c. 0.5 mm long. Leaves: petiole 3–40 mm long; lamina elliptic, lanceolate-ovate or ovate, 10–60 mm long, 5–30 mm wide; base cuneate to rounded; margins crenate with 28–36 teeth per leaf; tip acute to acuminate; lateral veins 4–7 per side of midrib. Male flowers: pedicels 0.5–0.8 mm long; calyx lobes elliptic-obovate to ovate, 0.5–0.8 mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm wide; stamens 6–10, filaments 0.3–0.5 mm long, anthers c. 0.2 mm long, 0.2 mm wide. Female flowers: pedicels 1–2 mm long; calyx lobes 3–5, lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, 1–2 mm long, 0.8–1 mm wide; styles 0.5–1 mm long. Fruit 2–2.5 mm long, 3–4 mm diam. Seeds 1.8–2 mm long, 1.5–1.7 mm wide, brown.
An annual herb. The lower parts become woody. It grows 60 cm tall. The leaves are alternate. The leaf stalk is 3.5 cm long. The leaf blades are narrowly oval and 2-8 cm long by 1-4 cm wide. They taper to the tip. The edges are wavy. They are dull grey-green. The flowers are in groups 3-12 cm long. The flowers are in clusters along this. They are in groups with one female flower and several male flowers. The fruit is a flattened 3 lobed capsule. It is 3 mm long by 4 mm wide and purplish. The seeds are angular.
Female flowers: pedicels 1–5 mm long, extending to 3 cm in fruit, pubescent; sepals 1–2 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, sparingly pubescent, green with a narrow hyaline margin; disk glands 1 mm long, linear-filiform; ovary 1 mm in diameter, 2-lobed to 4-lobed, minutely papillose, strigose, purple; styles 1 mm long, glabrous, ochreous-tawny.
Male flowers: pedicels 2 mm long, capillary, glabrous; calyx lobes 0.75 mm long, obovate-suborbicular, ± glabrous, pale yellowish-green or whitish; disk glands spathulate, pubescent, purple; stamens 3–20, 1–multiseriate, filaments 0.5 mm long, purple, anthers minute, yellow.
Leaf blades 2–7 × 1–3.5 cm, elliptic-ovate, subacute or obtuse apically, crenate, ± rounded at the base, membranaceous, sparingly pubescent to subglabrous, punctate, dull, pale green, sometimes purplish-tinged; lateral nerves in 4–7 pairs, ascending, camptodromous.
Fruit 2–3 × 3.5–5.5 mm, roundly 3-lobed, rarely 2-or 4-lobed, sparingly strigose to subglabrous, dark green or bluish-green becoming dull purple on drying; columella 1.5 mm long.
Inflorescences 1–7.5 cm long, usually bisexual; bracts c. 1 mm long, ovate-lanceolate, green with hyaline margins.
Seeds 2 × 1.5 mm, ovoid-subglobose, reticulate, reddish-brown, greyish or blackish, paler in the pits.
A weed of cultivation, 1/2–2 ft. high, stems simple or branched, pubescent, woody below.
An erect or procumbent annual herb up to 50 cm tall, rarely taller.
Stipules 0.5 mm long, glandular.
Stems crisped-pubescent in rows.
Stipels minute, glandular.
Petioles 0.5–2.5 cm long.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in waste places and as a weed in cultivation. It is a plant with varying numbers of chromosome sets and those with 2 sets are in drier zones extending to those with 6 sets in the forest zones.
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Open places in woodland and bushland, along rivers and shores, commonly in ruderal habitats, sometimes as a weed, at elevations from sea-level up to 1,700 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They have an acid taste. The leaves can be dried and pounded to powder and stored for later use. These can be stored for up to a year.
Uses food gene source medicinal
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Micrococca mercurialis unspecified picture

Distribution

Micrococca mercurialis world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Benin, Bangladesh, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:352283-1
WFO ID wfo-0000242999
COL ID 42TN2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Mercurialis alternifolia Micrococca mercurialis Microstachys mercurialis Tragia mercurialis Claoxylon mercurialis Claoxylon mercuriale Mercurialis abyssinica