Mimusops kummel Bruce ex A.Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Sapotaceae > Mimusops

Characteristics

Small to medium-sized tree, or shrub, height up to 25 m.. Young branches and petioles with ferrugineous or brownish pubescence, becoming glabrous.. Petioles 5–15 (rarely –30) mm. long.. Leaf-lamina coriaceous, elliptic to oblong-elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 4.5–12 cm. long, 2.5–5 cm. wide, apex shortly acuminate, sometimes obtuse or emarginate, narrowly to broadly cuneate; upper surface dark glossy green, lower surface paler with slightly raised reticulate venation, practically glabrous or with scattered hairs along midrib.. Flowers fragrant, usually 2–4 per axil; pedicels slender, curved, (l.4-)2–5 cm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent.. Outer sepals ± lanceolate, 9.5–12 mm. long, densely ferrugineous pubescent externally.. Corolla creamy-white; lobes basically trifid but two outer segments sometimes split into two (rarely three) linear segments; segments 9–12 mm. long; tube up to 2 mm. long.. Filaments 2–3.5 mm. long; staminodes linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm. long, apex attenuate, densely pubescent externally.. Ovary densely covered with long straight hairs; style slender, tapering, 1–1.2 cm. long.. Fruit an orange or orange-red ellipsoid to ovoid berry, up to 2.5 cm. long, apex obtuse, acute or shortly rostrate.. Seed solitary, ellipsoid, up to 1.8 cm. long; testa brown, hard and horny; scar obliquely basal.
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An evergreen tree. It can grow to 35 m tall. The trunk can be 1 m across. The crown of the tree is leafy and oval. The bark is dark grey, rough and deeply grooved. The small branches have red brown hairs. The leaves are oval and 10 cm long. The tip is blunt. The midrib under the leaf is hairy. The leaf stalk is 15 mm long. The flowers are creamy white. They occur as 1-4 flowers together in the axils of the leaves. They are on stalks 2-5 cm long. The flowers have a smell. The fruit is fleshy with a stone containing a kernel. It is 2 cm across. The fruit is orange-yellow and pointed. It contains one red brown seed.
Leaves 4·5–14 x 2–5·5 cm., ovate–oblong to obovate, the apex rounded, acute or acuminate, the base acute; petiole 0·5–1(1·5) cm. long. Upper surface mat or glossy, with prominent midrib but usually obscure vein reticulation, glabrous. Lower surface mat, with prominent midrib and obscure reticulation, usually glabrous, rarely ferrugineous appressed–pubescent.
Corolla equalling or slightly shorter than calyx, white; lateral segments simple, lanceolate or sometimes divided into 2–3 laciniae, median segments elliptic; tube 1–2 mm. long.
Shrub or small to large tree; bark dark grey, fissured longitudinally or into square flakes, slash pink.
Fruit up to 2·5 cm. long, an edible plum–shaped 1–2–seeded berry yellowish–orange to red when ripe.
Rusty-tomentose, long-stalked white flowers 2-4 together in the axils of the upper leaves.
Young stems yellowish, whitish or ferrugineous pubescent, soon glabrescent.
Older twigs with longitudinally wrinkled grey bark.
Flowers 1–4 in leaf axils; pedicels 2–8 cm. long.
Gynoecium 8–12 mm. long.
Seed up to 1·8 cm. long.
Anthers 2·5–4 mm. long.
Calyx 9–12 mm. long.
A rather small tree
Life form -
Growth form tree
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Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) 0.02
Mature height (meter) 27.5
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Environment

Widespread but usually scattered in riverine forest; also found in upland dry evergreen forest and wooded grassland up to 2,100 metres. In areas with an annual rainfall of 1,000 mm, it is characteristic of forests on the most humid soils.
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A tropical plant. It grows near rivers and in dry evergreen forest in Africa. It prefers a dry climate. In Tanzania it grows between 500-2,100 m above sea level. It occurs across the Sahara.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit is eaten raw. Unripe fruit are buried in the soil until ripe. The inner bark is used for tea. The young leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. The seeds are roasted and eaten.
Uses charcoal environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal social use tea wood
Edible barks fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. It is best to remove the outer coat to release the seed. Plants can be pruned or topped. Seeds germinate after 18-45 days.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Mimusops kummel world distribution map, present in Benin, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Conservation status

Mimusops kummel threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:787969-1
WFO ID wfo-0000244629
COL ID 43HXG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Mimusops longipes Binectaria fragrans Kaukenia kummel Imbricaria fragrans Mimusops djurensis Mimusops kerstingii Mimusops kilimandscharica Mimusops kummel Mimusops langenburgiana Mimusops pohlii Mimusops stenosepala Mimusops fragans