Momordica anigosantha Hook.F.

Species

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae > Momordica

Characteristics

Perennial climber or trailer to 3 m.. Stems herbaceous, glabrous to rather long crisped-hairy.. Leaves pedately 3–5(–7)-foliolate; median leaflet largest, narrowly to broadly elliptic or ovate-elliptic, subtruncate at the base, acuminate, acute and apiculate, shortly toothed and entire or sinuate between the teeth, 43–110 mm. long, 17–44 mm. broad; lateral leaflets similar but smaller, unequal-based and sometimes lobed on the outer side; central petiolule 6–16 mm. long; petiole 12–45 mm. long.. Tendrils bifid.. Dioecious.. Male flowers 5–50 or more in lax racemiform or pseudo-paniculate inflorescences, sometimes bearing small shortly stalked leafy bracts at the forks; peduncles 17–70 mm. long, simple or branched, glabrous or pubescent; bracts subtending pedicels lanceolate, ± 2.5 mm. long; pedicels 9–35 mm. long, usually ± pubescent, sometimes glandular; receptacle-tube asymmetric, horizontal, arched, 6–7 mm. long, blackish or brownish-green; lobes green, narrow, curved, lanceolate, 4–7 mm. long, the lower 3 longer; corolla zygomorphic; petals 15–22 mm. long, 10–14 mm. broad, cream-white to apricot-orange, the lowermost largest, with a deep orange horseshoe-shaped marking in the claw and a scale inside at the base; stamens 2, each 1-thecous; thecae inverted U-shaped, forward-pointing; staminode 1, posterior, between the stamens, hairy.. Female flowers on 55–65 mm. long stalks bearing a minute bract; ovary fusiform and beaked, 12–15 mm. long, 2–4 mm. across, tuberculate; receptacle-tube shallow; lobes subulate, reflexed, ± 3.5 mm. long; corolla ± 30 mm. across, slightly zygomorphic; petals ± 21 mm. long and 15 mm. broad, the lowermost largest but without a horseshoe marking; staminodes 3.. Fruit on a 100–145 mm. long stalk, fleshy, fusiform and beaked, bright red and splitting into 3 valves, ornamented with conical fleshy tubercles in 8 longitudinal rows, 45–65 mm. long, 16–38 mm. broad.. Seeds oblong in outline, compressed, ± 12 × 7 × 3 mm.; testa sculptured; margins grooved.
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male flowers 4–18(50) in lax racemiform or paniculiform fascicles; peduncle 1·1–7 cm. long, simple or branched, ebracteate or sometimes bearing small leaf-like bracts; pedicels 0·9–3·5 cm. long. Receptacle-tube 5–7 mm. long, asymmetrical, blackish or brownish-green, lobes 4–7 mm. long, lanceolate, acutely-acuminate, unequal, the lower 3 larger than the upper 2. Petals 1·2–2·5 cm. long, cream or yellow, unequal, the lowermost largest, with an orange hippocrepiform mark towards the base.
Leaves compound, pedately 3–5(7)-foliolate; median leaflet 3·5–11 × 1·7–4·7 cm., ovate or elliptic, rounded or subtruncate at the base, almost plane and minutely denticulate, acuminate, acute to obtuse, apiculate, asperulous or minutely punctate and sparsely setulose on veins beneath, sparsely setulose above; lateral leaflets somewhat smaller, unequal-based; petiolule of median leaflets 0·6–1·8 cm. long.
A pumpkin family herb. The stems are slender. There are tendrils. The leaves have 5 leaflets arranged like fingers on a hand. They are oval and have teeth along the edge. The fruit are oval and have a beak. They are 5 cm long. They have triangle shaped processes on the surface. They are green.
Female flowers solitary; peduncle 0·4–1·6 cm. long; bract minute; pedicel 3–6·3 cm. long; ovary 12–17 × 2–4 mm., ovoid, rostrate, tuberculate; receptacle-tube very short, lobes 2–3·5 mm. long, lanceolate, acute; petals c. 2 cm. long, slightly unequal.
Fruit 1·5–6·5 × 1·6–3·8 cm., fusiform, rostrate, with 8 longitudinal rows of conical tubercules, bright orange or red, dehiscent into 3 valves; fruit-stalk 5–14·5 cm. long.
Seeds 12–14 × 7–8 × 2–3 mm., oblong in outline, compressed; faces flat, sculptured, sinuate at the edges; margin grooved.
Stems scandent or prostrate, to 3 m., glabrous or almost so except at nodes.
Petiole 1·2–5·2 cm. long, shortly pubescent.
Flowers dioecious.
Tendrils 2-fid.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
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Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 14 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Distribution

Momordica anigosantha world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Uganda

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:293392-1
WFO ID wfo-0001301283
COL ID 43YY7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Momordica anigosantha Momordica amaniana