Monarda clinopodia L.

White bergamot (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Lamiaceae > Monarda

Characteristics

Simple or branched perennial to 1 m, the stems glabrous or sparsely hairy; lvs ovate to lance-deltoid, 6–12 cm, acuminate, serrate, obtuse or more often rounded at base, the main ones usually ovate and twice as long as wide; petioles 1–3 cm; heads 1.3–3 cm thick (excluding cors); bracts lanceolate, largely green but often whitish or anthocyanic toward the base; fls fragrant, entomophilous; cal-tube glabrous or minutely puberulent, or villous either outside or inside at the summit, the hairs when present quite unlike those of no. 2 [Monarda fistulosa L.]; cal-lobes glandular; cor white or ochroleucous, 1.5–3 cm, the upper lip slender, nearly straight, glabrous or sparsely puberulent. Woods and thickets; Conn. to O., Ill., and Mo., s. to N.C. and Ala. June, July. Intergrades with no. 2 [Monarda fistulosa L.].
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A herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant.
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Woods and thickets.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The fresh or dried leaves and flower-heads are used for tea.
Uses medicinal tea
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 40
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Monarda clinopodia flower picture by Serena boettcher (cc-by-sa)
Monarda clinopodia flower picture by Serena boettcher (cc-by-sa)
Monarda clinopodia flower picture by Serena boettcher (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Monarda clinopodia world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Nicaragua, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:452024-1
WFO ID wfo-0000245306
COL ID 44284
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Monarda glabra Monarda allophylla Monarda altissima Monarda clinopodia Monardella caroliniana Monarda rugosa Monarda clinopodifolia Monarda fistulosa var. clinopodia