Moraea spathulata Klatt

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Moraea

Characteristics

Plants up to 1 m high, usually in clumps, rarely solitary, evergreen. Corm 15-20 mm diam.; tunics brown, fibrous, often accumulating in a loose mass. Stem sheathed below by brown, sometimes netted cataphylls, simple, rarely with a sessile lateral rhipidium from penultimate node, sheathed entirely by pale green, ± inflated, sheathing leaves 90-180 mm long, tips usually dry and brown. Foliage leaf solitary, much longer than stem, linear, flat to shallowly channelled, 18-24 wide. Rhipidial spathes acute to attenuate, inner 100-180 mm long, outer slightly shorter. Flowers long-lasting, yellow often with dark veins, outer tepal limbs with deeper yellow to orange nectar guides at bases, reflexed to ± 45º, faintly honey-scented; outer tepals 35-50 x 20-25 mm, claws ± 1/3 as long as limbs; inner tepals 30-60 mm long, suberect or curving inward distally. Filaments 8-16 mm long, united in lower half; anthers 7-15 mm long, purple or white. Ovary cylindric, 20-30 mm long, cylindric-triangular; style branches 20-30 mm long, crests erect, up to 20 mm long. Capsules oblong-cylindric, broadly 3-lobed, mostly 30-45 mm long. Seeds flattened, discoid, ± 3 mm diam.
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Perennial herb, geophyte, 0.35-1.50 m high, solitary or in clumps; corm tunics of brown, coarse fibres; stem simple, sheathed with large overlapping bracts. Leaf 1, linear, flat or canaliculate, trailing above. Spathes herbaceous, apex dry, attenuate. Inflorescence with yellow flowers; nectar guides dark yellow; tepals unequal, outer 35-50 mm long, reflexed, inner 30-40 mm long, entire, with expanded limb, erect. Stamens: filaments 8-12 mm long, united in lower half; anthers 8-12 mm long. Ovary 20-30 mm long; style branches 12-18 mm long; crests up to 10 mm long. Flowering time Apr.-Dec. Capsule cylindric.
Cormous geophyte, up to 0.9 m high; cataphylls usually dark brown and often unbroken. Leaf solitary, flat above, 15 mm wide, twisted. Flowers: perianth with outer segments 35-50 mm long, yellow with deep yellow nectar guides on outer segments; Nov.-Feb.
Foliage leaf solitary, much exceeding the stem in length and usually arching towards the ground, 12–16 mm wide, linear, flat or channelled; sheathing leaves 2–3, green or becoming dry and brown, 10–15 cm long, rarely imbricate.
Cormous herb, up to 0.9 m high. Plants usually in clumps. Leaf flat above, 15 mm wide. Cataphylls usually dark brown and often unbroken. Flowers yellow with deep yellow nectar guides.
Flowers yellow with deep-yellow nectar guides on the outer tepals; outer tepals 35–50(60) mm long, the limb 20–35 mm long, spreading to reflexed; inner tepals 30–40 mm long, erect.
Rhipidium solitary; spathes green or becoming dry and brown from the apex, attenuate, the inner 10–14 cm long, the outer about three-quarters as long as the inner.
Cormous geophyte to 1 m, unbranched. Leaf solitary, linear, flat or channelled, often fairly broad. Flowers large, yellow, inner tepals erect.
Cataphylls prominent, brown to pale, firm in texture, brittle, dry, entire or irregularly broken, or frayed at the apex.
Ovary 2–3 cm long, exserted from the spathes; style branches 12–18 mm long, the crests c. 10 mm long.
Filaments 8–12 mm long, free in the upper half to one-third, anthers 8–12 mm long.
Plants large, 80–120 cm high, usually in small clumps or occasionally solitary.
Corms 15–20 mm in diameter; tunics of brown, fine to coarse fibres.
Capsules 3.5–5.5 cm long, oblong-cylindric.
Stem simple (rarely 1-branched).
Pending. See Messina (2014).
A corm or bulb plant.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) - 0.1
Mature height (meter) 0.65 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Recorded from roadside verges.
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It is a subtropical plant.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible bulbs roots
Therapeutic use Rope (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Moraea spathulata unspecified picture

Distribution

Moraea spathulata world distribution map, present in Australia, Lesotho, Mozambique, eSwatini, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:440278-1
WFO ID wfo-0000784754
COL ID 44CBM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Moraea spathulata Moraea longispatha Moraea balenii Iris spathacea Iris spathulata Moraea spathacea Moraea spathulata subsp. autumnalis Moraea spathulata subsp. saxosa Moraea spathulata subsp. transvaalensis Moraea spathacea var. natalensis