Muehlenbeckia complexa Meisn.

Maidenhair vine (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Polygonaceae > Muehlenbeckia

Characteristics

Plants (0.5-)1-5 m. Stems pros-trate to scandent, especially dis-tally, sometimes rooting at nodes, striate, branched, glabrescent or puberulent, distal branches brownish-puberulent. Leaves: ocrea deciduous, brownish hyaline, cylindric, 2-3 mm, margins truncate, eciliate, faces puberulent along veins; petiole 3-10 mm, brownish-puberulent; blade ovate-oblong to suborbiculate or panduriform, 0.5-2.5(-4) × 0.5-2.5(-4) cm, coriaceous, base truncate, margins entire, glabrous or scabrous, apex rounded to apiculate, glabrous adaxially and abaxially, or puberulent abaxially along midvein, obscurely punctuate abaxially. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, 5-30 mm. Pedicels ascending to spreading, 1.5-2 mm. Flowers 1-2(-5) per ocreate fascicle; perianth yellowish green or greenish; tepals connate ca. 1/ 4 their length, lanceolate-ovate to obovate, 2-4 mm, apex rounded to acute. Staminate flowers: anthers pink to purple, ovate to elliptic. Pistillate flowers: tube white in fruit. Achenes exserted or included, black or dark brown, 3-gonous, 3-4 × 2-3 mm, shiny, smooth. 2n = 20 (New Zealand).
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Rather stout dioec. liane up to ± 6 m. tall, much-branched, branches ± interlacing (forming tangled masses in absence of support). Main stems us. not > 5 cm. diam.; branchlets very slender, terete, ± striate, pubescent in early growth, bark dark to rather light reddish brown. Lvs on petioles up to 1 cm. long; lamina dark green above, paler and often glaucous below, 5-20 × 2-15 mm., glab., coriac. to submembr., of diverse form (several forms may be on same plant); margins us. not undulate; broad-oblong to obovate to suborbicular, rounded to retuse at apex, truncate to rounded or occ. subcordate at base. Ochreae deciduous, seldom > 4 mm. long. Infl. ± 1-2-(4) cm. long, of simple or branched spikes, glab. or pubescent. Spikes axillary and terminal, sts reduced to small clusters. Fls small, tepals cut ⅔ to base; ♂ with 8 stamens, ♀ with broad fimbriate stigmas; tepals enlarged in fr., us. succulent, white. Fr. black, glossy, trigonous, ± 2 × 1·75 mm.
A tangled shrub or low climber. It has many branches. It grows about 1 m across. The stem is hairy when young. The bark is reddish-brown. The leaves are alternate and rough. The leaf stalk is 2-5 mm long. The leaf blade is broadly oblong or oval and 0.5-2 cm long by 0.3-1.5 cm wide. They are rounded at the base and have a rounded tip. The flowers are in the axils of leaves or at the tip of the branches. The flowers are small and yellowish-green. The fruit is 5-6 mm long with a 3 sided nut. This is 2 mm long and black.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.25 - 1.75
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Coastal, lowland and lower montane forests, especially marginal, also in open and rocky places in North South and Stewart Islands.
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They grow near the sea as windswept bushes. In more sheltered places they are climbing. It suits hardiness zones 8-10.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible flowers fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Muehlenbeckia complexa leaf picture by Nathalie Fabre (cc-by-sa)
Muehlenbeckia complexa leaf picture by Christelle Zanne (cc-by-sa)
Muehlenbeckia complexa leaf picture by Daniel Da Parigi (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Muehlenbeckia complexa flower picture by FCC2017 (cc-by-sa)
Muehlenbeckia complexa flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Muehlenbeckia complexa world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Spain, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:694744-1
WFO ID wfo-0000452366
COL ID 44HSG
BDTFX ID 42995
INPN ID 108841
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Polygonum complexum Sarcogonum complexum Calacinum complexum Muehlenbeckia complexa