An erect or ascending herb, annual, sparingly pubescent or nearly glabrous at least below, shining, simple or branched from the base or upwards, 1/3-2 ft. high; stem and branches quadrangular, smooth; upper internodes of the flowering stems and branches exceeding the leaves; leaves mostly opposite, sometimes fasciculate-verticillate, oval, ovate, lanceolate or sublinear, obtuse at the apex, obtuse at the subamplexicaul sessile base or the lower obtusely narrowed and shortly petiolate, toothed, often strongly so, glabrous or somewhat pilose, 1/4-2 in. long, 1/40-1 in. broad; petioles short or obsolete or ranging up to 1/2 in. long; racemes terminating the stem and branches, subcorymbose or elongated, many-flowered, 1-14 in. long; bracts alternate, mostly smaller than the leaves; pedicels slender, mostly pubescent or pilose and 1/4-1 in. long; flowers white and striped with coloured lines outside; calyx-segments oblong or narrowly ovate-oval, obtuse, puberulous, more or less spreading, 1/12-1/8 in. long in flower, 1/8-1/6 in. long in fruit; upper corolla-lobes ovate-oblong or oval-oblong, rounded at the apex, 1/6-1/3 in. long, 1/10-1/8 in. broad; lower lip rounded, bifid, 1/4-1/3 in. long; palate bearded, bicallose; spur linear, obtuse, straight, 1/6-1/5 in. long; filaments white; anthers yellow; capsule obcordate, more or less wedge-shaped at the base, with diverging points or short horns at the outer sides of the curved tops of the valves, 1/4-3/8 in. long and broad.
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Diffuse annual, up to 800 mm tall, branching above. Leaves narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, toothed to pinnatifid. Flowers in lax, branched racemes, calyx lobes lanceolate to ovate, glandular pilose, corolla 11-22 mm long, upper lip with linear-oblong lobes, white to pale lilac (sometimes yellow), with grey or red veining at base, lower lip white to pale lilac (sometimes yellow), with convex palate at base, palate white-pubescent, with 2-4 orange pubescent bosses, spur ± 4-5 mm long, projecting back and deflected downward in distal half. Capsule triangular, bilobed at apex, lobes acute, often turned outwards.
Diffuse annual to 80 cm, branching above. Leaves narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, toothed to pinnatifid. Flowers in branched racemes, white to pale lilac with grey veins, lower lip with 4 velvety bosses, upper lobes linear-oblong, spur swollen, ± 4 mm long.
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