Nigella damascena L.

Love-in-a-mist (en), Nigelle de damas (fr), Herbe de Capucin (fr), Nigelle de Damas (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Nigella

Characteristics

Stems erect, slender, 10-75 cm, glabrous. Leaves 2-16 cm; basal leaves petiolate, segments wider than ±sessile cauline leaves. Inflorescences: involucral bracts whorled, similar to cauline leaves, curving up to surround flower. Flowers 10-50(-60) mm diam.; sepals blue, sometimes pink or white, short-clawed, 8-25 × 3-15 mm, apex entire to irregularly incised or lobed, occasionally lacerate; petals clawed, abaxial lip distally 2-lobed, bearing 2-3 nectar glands or apex expanded, adaxial lip scalelike. Capsules smooth, 8-35 mm; locules 5-10; beak persistent, slender.
More
Stem (5)-20-50 cm tall, branching above. Segments of rosette lvs linear, those of cauline lvs filiform. Involucre present, of 5 finely dissected lvs, twice as broad as the fl. Fls 2-3 cm diam. Sepals in several whorls, blue, ovate, acute, clawed, the innermost sometimes 3-fid. Petals usually 0. Styles 5. Capsule glabrous, ovoid, swollen, 15-30 × 10-20 mm, 10-locular but only 5 locules fertile; styles 15-25 mm long at fruiting. Seeds black, c. 2 mm long, transversely ridged.
An upright bushy annual plant. It grows 40-60 cm high and 20-25 cm wide. The leaves are feathery. The flowers are sky-blue. They are 2.5-5 cm across. The flowers sit inside wispy leaves. The fruit is an inflated seed capsule. It is striped and has short pointed horns.
Plant 3–6 dm; fls bluish, 3–4 cm wide, closely subtended by an involucre of dissected lvs; staminodes villous; 2n=12. Native of s. Europe, occasionally escaped from cult. in our range.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.15 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A warm temperate plant. It is frost hardy. It can grow in full sun or light shade. It needs a well drained soil. It suits hardiness zones 8-10.
More
Dump sites and waste places as a weed in N. America. Stony, sunny positions.
Stony, sunny positions.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

The seeds are used as a spice. The leafy shoots are used as a potherb.
Uses cosmetics environmental use essential oil medicinal ornamental perfumery potherb spice
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified), Anthelmintics (seed), Antifungal agents (seed), Antiparasitic agents (seed), Flatulence (seed), Liver diseases (seed), Menstruation-inducing agents (seed), Carminative (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Excitant (unspecified), Intestine (unspecified), Liver (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Perfume (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Sternutatory (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed are sown very shallowly. Seedlings can be transplanted. Plants should be 15 cm apart.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 9 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 20 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Nigella damascena habit picture by Pedrocchi César (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena habit picture by Hervé Huntzinger (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena habit picture by Florence Muller (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Nigella damascena leaf picture by Hervé Huntzinger (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena leaf picture by Hervé Huntzinger (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena leaf picture by Anais Iafrate (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Nigella damascena flower picture by Elisaeba (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena flower picture by André Helfer (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena flower picture by Helene Gicquel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Nigella damascena fruit picture by sana Jo (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena fruit picture by Jean-Henri Mora (cc-by-sa)
Nigella damascena fruit picture by Thomas DESFOSSEZ (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Nigella damascena world distribution map, present in Albania, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, China, Colombia, Cyprus, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, France, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Libya, Morocco, Mexico, North Macedonia, Malta, Myanmar, Montenegro, Netherlands, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Tunisia, Turkey, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:711645-1
WFO ID wfo-0000380636
COL ID 749V4
BDTFX ID 44101
INPN ID 109625
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Nigella elegans Nigella damascena Nigella bithynica Nigella taurica Nigella pygmaea Nigella coerulea Nigella coarctata Nigella bourgaei Nigella involucrata Nigella multifida Melanthium damascenum Erobathos coarctatum Erobathos damascenum Nigella nana