Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Oleaceae > Nyctanthes

Characteristics

Is often placed in a separate family Nyctanthaceae or sometimes in the Oleaceae; I have seen no specimens of this native of India but it has obviously been grown in Kenya and Zanzibar.. Is a small tree or shrub.. Leaves ovate, up to 15 cm. long, 8.5 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, rounded at the base, minutely hairy or glabrescent, rough above.. Flowers in small terminal clusters.. Calyx ± 7 mm. long.. Corolla very sweetly scented, white with an orange eye and tube salver-shaped, ± 2 cm. long, the 5–8 lobes ± obtriangular.
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A small tree. It grows 10 m high. The branches are square in cross section. The bark is grey or greyish-green. The leaves are 10 cm long and 5 cm wide. They are rough and covered with stiff white hairs. The leaf stalk is 1 cm long. The flowers are fragrant. They are in heads or 3-7 flowers. They are orange-red.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. In Pakistan it grows in the sub-himalayan tract between 300-1,000 m altitude. It grows in dry deciduous forests and on rocky ground between sea level and 1,500 m above sea level. In XTBG Yunnan.
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Rocky ground in dry hillsides, and as undergrowth in dry deciduous forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The flowers are the source of a saffron-yellow dye used to colour food. The flowers are eaten as a vegetable either fresh or dried. They have a pleasant bitter taste. The leaves are cooked and used to make curry.
Uses dye environmental use essential oil fuel material medicinal wood
Edible flowers leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Malaria (aerial part), Analgesics (bark), Anti-inflammatory agents (bark), Antipyretics (bark), Antirheumatic agents (bark), Antispermatogenic agents (bark), Antitussive agents (bark), Arthralgia (bark), Asthma (bark), Bronchitis (bark), Central nervous system depressants (bark), Diarrhea (bark), Diuretics (bark), Expectorants (bark), Eye pain (bark), Hiccup (bark), Hypotension (bark), Intestinal diseases (bark), Jaundice (bark), Liver diseases (bark), Pharyngitis (bark), Respiratory tract infections (bark), Sciatica (bark), Scorpion stings (bark), Skin diseases (bark), Splenomegaly (bark), Wound healing (bark), Wounds and injuries (bark), Hair loss (flower), Analgesics (flower), Antiemetics (flower), Antihypertensive agents (flower), Anti-inflammatory agents (flower), Antineoplastic agents (flower), Antioxidants (flower), Antipyretics (flower), Antirheumatic agents (flower), Antitussive agents (flower), Antiviral agents (flower), Appetite stimulants (flower), Arthralgia (flower), Bronchitis (flower), Central nervous system depressants (flower), Colic (flower), Contraceptive agents (flower), Dandruff (flower), Diuretics (flower), Dysentery, amebic (flower), Eye diseases (flower), Flatulence (flower), Gout (flower), Hepatitis (flower), Hiccup (flower), Hypersensitivity (flower), Immunomodulation (flower), Inflammation (flower), Influenza, human (flower), Leishmaniasis (flower), Measles (flower), Neurotic disorders (flower), Parasympatholytics (flower), Scabies (flower), Scalp dermatoses (flower), Skin diseases (flower), Splenomegaly (flower), Anti-inflammatory agents (fruit), Antipyretics (fruit), Antirheumatic agents (fruit), Antitussive agents (fruit), Bronchitis (fruit), Hemorrhoids (fruit), Influenza, human (fruit), Sciatica (fruit), Hair loss (leaf), Analgesics (leaf), Anemia, hemolytic (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Anti-anxiety agents (leaf), Anti-arrhythmia agents (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Anticonvulsants (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Anti-infective agents, local (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Antineoplastic agents (leaf), Antioxidants (leaf), Antiprotozoal agents (leaf), Antipruritics (leaf), Antipyretics (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Antitubercular agents (leaf), Antitussive agents (leaf), Antiviral agents (leaf), Appetite stimulants (leaf), Arthritis (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Biliary tract diseases (leaf), Bites and stings (leaf), Bronchitis (leaf), Cardiovascular system (leaf), Cathartics (leaf), Central nervous system depressants (leaf), Cholagogues and choleretics (leaf), Cholinesterase inhibitors (leaf), Common cold (leaf), Constipation (leaf), Cough (leaf), Dandruff (leaf), Diabetes mellitus (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Digestive system diseases (leaf), Diuretics (leaf), Dysentery, amebic (leaf), Dyspepsia (leaf), Eczema (leaf), Emollients (leaf), Epistaxis (leaf), Erectile dysfunction (leaf), Expectorants (leaf), Fever (leaf), Filariasis (leaf), Flatulence (leaf), Fractures, bone (leaf), Furunculosis (leaf), Gastritis (leaf), Gastrointestinal tract (leaf), Gout (leaf), Hair diseases (leaf), Helminthiasis (leaf), Hematologic diseases (leaf), Hemorrhage (leaf), Hemorrhoids (leaf), Hiccup (leaf), Hypersensitivity (leaf), Hypohidrosis (leaf), Hypotension (leaf), Hypothermia (leaf), Immunomodulation (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Intestinal diseases (leaf), Intestinal diseases, parasitic (leaf), Jaundice (leaf), Joint diseases (leaf), Kidney diseases (leaf), Laxatives (leaf), Leishmaniasis (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Low back pain (leaf), Malaria (leaf), Menstruation disturbances (leaf), Muscle relaxation (leaf), Neurotic disorders (leaf), Parasympatholytics (leaf), Pharyngitis (leaf), General tonic for rejuvenation (leaf), Respiratory system agents (leaf), Scabies (leaf), Sciatica (leaf), Scorpion stings (leaf), Sinusitis (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Skin diseases, infectious (leaf), Snake bites (leaf), Splenomegaly (leaf), Tranquilizing agents (leaf), Trypanosomiasis (leaf), Urination disorders (leaf), Varicose veins (leaf), Vomiting (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Silicosis (leaf), Diaphoretic (leaf), Hepatitis (rhizome), Analgesics (root), Antipyretics (root), Antiviral agents (root), Diuretics (root), Dysentery, amebic (root), Erectile dysfunction (root), Filariasis (root), Hypersensitivity (root), Immunomodulation (root), Jaundice (root), Leishmaniasis (root), Liver diseases (root), Low back pain (root), Malaria (root), Menstrual cycle (root), Snake bites (root), Splenomegaly (root), Tonsillitis (root), Immunostimulant (seed), Hair loss (seed), Anti-inflammatory agents (seed), Antineoplastic agents (seed), Antioxidants (seed), Antiprotozoal agents (seed), Antiviral agents (seed), Central nervous system depressants (seed), Dandruff (seed), Diuretics (seed), Dysentery, amebic (seed), Encephalomyocarditis virus (seed), Exanthema (seed), Gastric acid (seed), Hemorrhoids (seed), Hypersensitivity (seed), Immunomodulation (seed), Leishmaniasis (seed), Lipid peroxidation (seed), Malaria (seed), General tonic for rejuvenation (seed), Respiratory tract infections (seed), Scalp dermatoses (seed), Scurvy (seed), Skin diseases (seed), Ulcer (seed), Cooling effect on body (seed), Antipyretics (shoot), Antitussive agents (stem), Antiviral agents (stem), Common cold (stem), Dysentery, amebic (stem), Leishmaniasis (stem), Bilious (unspecified), Cholagogue (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Dye (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Weak pulse (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Antitussive agents (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Atrophy (unspecified), Bites and stings (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Dandruff (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Emaciation (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Fractures, bone (unspecified), Hypersensitivity (unspecified), Intestinal diseases, parasitic (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified), Pregnancy complications (unspecified), Rabies (unspecified), Sciatica (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Antipyretics (whole plant), Antirheumatic agents (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf picture by Prasad Nayak (cc-by-sa)
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf picture by Vishwanath Krishnaswamy (cc-by-sa)
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis leaf picture by Lisa Ani (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flower picture by Varun Vanchi (cc-by-sa)
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flower picture by Juthika chutia (cc-by-sa)
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis flower picture by Jagadeeswaran Kannan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis world distribution map, present in Andorra, Bangladesh, Brazil, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:610599-1
WFO ID wfo-0000817038
COL ID 484XN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630227
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Scabrita scabra Scabrita triflora Parilium arbor-tristis Nyctanthes dentata Nyctanthes tristis Bruschia macrocarpa Nyctanthes arbor-tristis