Ochna pulchra Hook.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Ochnaceae > Ochna

Characteristics

Trees up to 10 m tall or shrubs, soboliferous, occasionally dwarfed; trunk with rough broken bark below, smooth above, grey, flaking to expose cream patches. Branches spreading, brittle, rough, grey, new growth pale fawn. Leaves semi-persistent, turning yellow in winter, shed in spring, young leaves appearing with flowers, oblong to elliptic, c. 10 cm long and c. 2 cm wide but variable in size, apex obtuse, apiculate, base rounded or somewhat attenuate, margin pale, entire in lower half, shallowly serrulate above, midrib and veins prominent, firm and glossy; stipules intrapetiolar, paired, subulate, up to 15 mm long, rarely narrowly spatulate at the apex, early deciduous. Flowers fragrant, in simple, pendulous, clustered, many-flowered racemes terminating short annual branchlets; pedicels c. 1 cm at anthesis, up to 1.8 cm in fruit, articulated above the base. Sepals broadly ovate, 8 mm long, green to yellow, enlarged, reflexed, pink or red and white-edged in fruit. Petals soft yellow, obovate-attenuate, 12 mm long, fugaceous. Stamens numerous (c. 50) with filaments 2 mm long; anthers 1 mm long, biporose. Carpels 8, attached centrally on inside of torus; styles fused below, free and recurved above; stigmas apical, tumid. Drupelets kidney-shaped, rounded, 12 mm long, black or mottled with cream.
More
A small or medium sized tree. It grows 3-8 m high. It has a spreading crown. The trunk can be 15-20 cm across. The trunk is often white with grey peeling bark. The young branches and shoots are white. The tree loses its leaves during the year. The leaves are simple and alternate. They are 3-10 cm long and 2-5 cm wide. They are wide and sword shaped. They are yellow-green and with easy to see veins. The leaf stalks are short and thick. The flowers are yellow. They have a sweet smell. They occur as many together in arrangements up to 13 cm long. The fruit are usually 3 kidney shaped carpels. Each is 1.4 cm long. They are black when mature.
Leaves petiolate; lamina 3·5–18·5 × 1·3–5·7 cm., elliptic to oblong or oblanceolate (rarely obovate), acute or obtuse to rounded (often apiculate) at the apex, with margin entire or densely appressed-spinulose-serrulate towards the apex, narrowly cuneate or attenuate to rounded (rarely truncate to subcordate) at the base, subcoriaceous, with numerous (c. 20–30) lateral nerves and densely reticulate tertiary venation more prominent above than below; petiole 2–6 (8) mm. long, triangular in section or ± flattened, stout, often ± swollen; stipules oblanceolate or elliptic to subulate, 1–2 cm. long.
Shrub or small tree up to 8 (10·5) m. high, with bark smooth, grey to bluish-grey, flaking in thin sheets to reveal cream to yellow-brown or pale grey patches; branches slender or rather stout, spreading widely, creamy white at first, becoming dark grey.
Shrub or tree, up to 10 m high. Bark flaking to expose patches of a different colour. Flowers in simple, pendulous, clustered, many-flowered racemes. Carpels 6-8, attached centrally on inside of torus; drupelets kidney-shaped. Flowers soft yellow.
Flowers (20) 25-c. 50, in a simple (rarely compound towards the base) terminal erect or pendulous raceme (1·5) 2·5–10·5 (15) cm. long in fruit; pedicels 1·2–2·7 cm. in fruit, articulated at the base or in the lower 1/3.
Sepals 5–9 mm. long in flower, elliptic to obovate, rounded, becoming red or pink, 10–19 mm. long, convex and eventually reflexed in fruit.
Stamens with anthers 1–2 mm. long, about 1/2 as long as the filaments, straight, dehiscing by apical pores.
Petals golden to pale yellow, 9–11 (13) × 4–6·5 mm., obovate to oblanceolate.
Drupelets reniform, inserted centrally, 11–14 × 7–10 mm.: embryo curved.
Carpels 7 (rarely 8), with styles free at the apex.
Life form
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 9.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.6
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in open bushland. It is often on sandy soil. It can grow in arid places. In Zimbabwe it grows between 1,000-1,560 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 9-10.
More
Open deciduous woodland or scrub; frequently on sand or rocky terrain; at elevations from 900-2,120 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The green fruit are roasted and eaten but the seeds are poisonous. Ripe fruit are boiled in water to release fat which is edible. The seeds have been reported as being eaten in Zambia. The seeds are dried and boiled and the oil skimmed off.
Uses animal food environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal oil poison social use wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Seeds germinate poorly. Young plants are hard to transplant. Fresh seed planted where they are to grow is the best. The roots are only shallow.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ochna pulchra unspecified picture

Distribution

Ochna pulchra world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Congo, Gabon, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Ochna pulchra threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:606747-1
WFO ID wfo-0000390098
COL ID 48D8M
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Ochna rehmannii Porochna bifolia Porochna davilliflora Porochna hoffmanni-ottonis Porochna huillensis Polythecium pulchrum Polythecium rehmannii Porochna quangensis Ochna huillensis Ochna aschersoniana Ochna quangensis Porochna brunnescens Diporidium pulchrum Diporidium quangense Ochna fuscescens Porochna antunesii Porochna aschersoniana Ochna pulchra Ochna hoffmannii-ottonis

Lower taxons

Ochna pulchra subsp. hoffmannii-ottonis