Ocotea usambarensis Engl.

Species

Angiosperms > Laurales > Lauraceae > Ocotea

Characteristics

Tree 3.5-36(-45) m. tall, girth (1.25-)3.75-9.5 m., with straight slightly fluted bole buttressed at the very base, unbranched for about 9-15 m.; crown spreading; bark greyish or reddish brown, much fissured, flaky and scaling off in small round flakes or thick squares; slash white or faintly pink with characteristic sweet scent; stumps sucker easily.. Leaf-blades usually whitish beneath, camphor-scented, opposite (alternate on sucker shoots), elliptic to elongate-ovate or almost round, 4-16.5 cm. long, 2.5-9 cm. wide, rounded to sharply acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or ± truncate at the base, glabrous to shortly tomentose or pubescent with spreading ferruginous hairs, margins often strongly recurved, venation closely reticulate above, lateral nerves ± impressed above; petiole 0.5-2.2 cm. long.. Panicles 1.2-2.5 cm. long, greyish or ferruginous pubescent; peduncles 2-5 cm. long; pedicels very short or up to 2 mm. long; bracts ovate, ± 2 mm. long, obtuse, densely pubescent, soon deciduous.. Perianth green or whitish or yellow, pubescent, ± 1.5 mm. long; inner lobes ovate, outer elliptic-oblong, 3 mm. long, spreading.. Stamens of hermaphrodite flowers with linear filaments as long as anthers; stamens of third whorl with yellow, subglobose sessile or distinctly shortly stalked glands inserted on either side at base; staminodes filiform, 1 mm. long with dark tip.. Female flowers with stamens and staminodes much reduced.. Ovary ovoid, glabrous; style slender, 1 mm. long; stigma discoid.. Fruit ellipsoid or ± globose, 0.8-1.1 cm. long, 6-6.5 mm. wide, borne in a cup 4-6 mm. wide, 2-3 mm. long; pedicel thickened below cup.. Fig. 3.
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Leaves aromatic with a camphor-like scent, membranous to coriaceous, discolorous drying brownish above and silvery-white or greyish on the lower surface; petiole 0.5–2.0 cm long, tomentose to glabrescent; lamina (2.5)4.5–14(17) x (2)2.5–6(7.5) cm, ovate to elliptic, acuminate or sometimes acute or obtuse at the apex, rounded to truncate rarely subcordate or cuneate at the base, entire; upper surface glossy dark green and ± puberulous especially on the midrib and nerves, or glabrous; lower surface silvery-white pruinose and ± puberulous, at least on the midrib and nerves, rarely glabrescent; lateral nerves in 6–8(9) pairs, slightly raised above, prominent beneath; tertiary nerves net-veined, ± inconspicuous above.
Stamens 9 in 3 whorls, with staminodes forming a fourth (innermost) whorl; filaments of the first and second (the outer) whorls short and broad, flattened, their anthers 1.0–1.5 mm long, elliptic-rectangular, obtuse at the apex and dehiscing introrsely; filaments of the third whorl ± square, pilose, with 2 shortly-stalked globose to ovate glands, the anthers oblong, a little longer than the others, truncate or emarginate, dehiscing extrorsely; staminodes (in the innermost whorl) c. 1 mm long, ovate-triangular, sessile or subsessile.
Inflorescence a panicle of cymes in the axils of subterminal leaves, panicles 3–13 cm long, ± lax, few to many-flowered, densely yellowish-brown pubescent; peduncle 2–8 cm long; bracts minute, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, soon falling.
Flowers small, yellowish, densely pubescent; pedicels 1–4 mm long; receptacle 1 mm long, broadly obconical, glabrous within; tepals 2–3 mm long, elliptic to ovate-elliptic, obtuse to rounded at the apex, pubescent within.
Bark purplish-grey, rough when old and flaking in small rounded or rectangular scales; wood aromatic with a camphor-like scent when freshly cut, slash a light reddish-brown, becoming darker with exposure.
Young branches and twigs slender, angular and finely longitudinally striate towards the ends, ± densely fulvous-pubescent or tomentose, sometimes glabrescent.
A medium to large evergreen tree 15–30(40) m high, with a dense crown and a stout straight bole up to 10 m high, buttressed at the base.
Fruit orange-brownish, up to 10 x 6 mm, ellipsoid, the lower one third enclosed in the accrescent ± fleshy receptacle.
Ovary 1.0–1.5 mm long, ovoid, glabrous; style short thick glabrous; stigma subpeltate.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 10.0 - 25.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A canopy tree, often an emergent, in submontane and montane evergreen rainforests, and infrequent in evergreen swamp forest. Rainforest, where it is often dominant, at elevations of 900-2,600 metres, occasionally to 3,000 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses animal food charcoal environmental use fuel material medicinal timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 15 - 20
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:467675-1
WFO ID wfo-0001070285
COL ID 48HYY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ocotea usambarensis