Oldenlandia corymbosa L.

Flat-top mille graines (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Oldenlandia

Characteristics

Annual herb, sparsely to very densely branched near the base; stems prostrate to ± erect, 1.5–30 cm. long, ridged, glabrous or scabridulous or pubescent on the ribs.. Leaf-blades linear to narrowly elliptic, 0.6–3.5(–5.3) cm. long, 0.5–7 mm. wide, acute and apiculate at the apex, narrowed to the base, glabrous to sparsely scabridulous above and on margins and also beneath, particularly on the main nerve; petioles not developed; stipule-sheath 0.5–2(–3) mm. long, produced at the middle with (2–)3–5 unequal fimbriae, 0.5–1(–2.5) mm. long.. Flowers not heterostylous, variously arranged, either 1–several single flowers in the axils or in 2–5(–6)-flowered pedunculate umbel-like inflorescences, both kinds present on one branch or even at one node, the peduncles and pedicels mostly long and slender but rarely the flowers are fasciculate; peduncles (0–)0.5–1.8(–2.3) cm. long; pedicels (1.8–)3–6(–13) mm. long.. Calyx-tube ellipsoid, 0.7–1 mm. long; lobes triangular, 0.5–1.8 mm. long, setulose on the margins.. Corolla white or tinged blue, pink or purple or with 2 pink stripes on each lobe; tube 0.6–1 mm. long; lobes ovate to oblong, 0.5–1.2 mm. long.. Style 0.5–1.5 mm. long.. Capsule ovoid, 1.2–2.2 mm. tall, (1–)1.8–2.8 mm. wide, the beak scarcely raised.. Seeds pale brown, ellipsoid or very obtusely depressed conic, ± 0.3 mm. long, reticulate.
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Herbs, prostrate or erect, to 1/3 m tall, sparsely to much branched, the branch-es lax, glabrous, shiny. Leaves narrowly oblong or linear, 1.5-2.0(-3.0) cm long, to 0.45 cm wide, deltoid to acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, the costa evanescent above or barely visible, scarcely prominulous beneath, the lateral veins evanescent, the margin scabridulous, with some proximal papillae, thinly carnose, concolorous, glabrate beneath; petioles to 1 mm long, inserted in the sheath of the connate stipules; stipules cupuliform or obconical, to 2.5 mm long, the cup with several ascending or deflexed glandular fimbriae of unequal length, often exceeding the sheath in length. Inflorescences mostly at the nodes, the flowers solitary or often 2 or 3, infrequently disposed in corymbs of 4-5 flowers, the peduncles filiform, usually about 1/2 as long as the leaves, the pedicels filiform, shorter or longer than the peduncle. Flowers isostylous with the hypanthium small, the calycine lobes 4, triangular, to 1.1 mm long, scabrid marginate; corolla lavender or white, the tube ca. 0.6 mm long, the lobes 1-2 mm long; stamens 4,
An erect annual herb. It grows 30 cm high. The leaf blades are 1-4 cm long by 1-7 mm wide. The leaves are entire, sword shaped and opposite. The flowers are white. They are in long stalked groups. The flowers occur as 1 to several in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a half round capsule 1-2 mm long by 2-3 mm wide. The seeds are pale brown. They are 0.3 mm long. There are some varieties.
Flowers not heterostylous, variously arranged, either 1-several single flowers in the axils or in 2–5(6)-flowered pedunculate umbel-like inflorescences, both kinds present on one branch or even at one node, the peduncles and pedicels mostly long and slender but rarely the flowers are fasciculate; peduncles (0)0.5–1.8(2.3) cm. long; pedicels (1.8)3–6(13) mm. long.
Leaf blades 0.6–3.5(5.3) cm. x 0.5–7 mm., linear to narrowly elliptic, acute and apiculate at the apex, narrowed to the base, glabrous to sparsely scabridulous above and on margins and also beneath, particularly on the main nerve; petioles not developed; stipule sheath 0.5–2(3) mm. long, produced at the middle with (2)3–5 unequal fimbriae, 0.5–1(2.5) mm. long.
the anthers sessile, rotund, inserted on upper 1/2 of the tube, the pistils glabrous. Fruits capsular, to 2.5 mm wide, truncate at the apex, subplane; seeds 1 per carpel, round, ca. 0.5 mm wide, areolate.
Annual herb, sparsely to very densely branched near the base; stems prostrate to ± erect, 1.5–30 cm. long, ridged, glabrous or scabridulous or pubescent on the ribs.
Corolla white or tinged blue, pink or purple or with 2 pink stripes on each lobe; tube 0.6–1 mm. long; lobes 0.5–1.2 mm. long, ovate to oblong.
Calyx tube 0.7–1 mm. long, ellipsoid; lobes 0.5–1.8 mm. long, triangular, setulose on the margins.
Seeds pale brown, c. 0.3 mm. long, ellipsoid or very obtusely depressed conic, reticulate.
An erect and diffusely branched herb, nearly glabrous, up to 1 ft. or more high
Capsule 1.2–2.2 x (1)1.8–2.8 mm., ovoid, the beak scarcely raised.
Style 0.5–1.5 mm. long.
Flowers white or mauve
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grassland with long or short grass, bushland, montane scrub, shallow soil on rocks, sandy river ridges, furrows and dry ponds on black-cotton soil, cultivated and disturbed ground, at elevations from sea level to 2,300 metres.
More
It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It occurs between 450-1,450 m above sea level. It grows in open areas with grass or damp shady areas.
A weed of cultivation and beside paths.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves and young branches are cooked and eaten. They are often cooked with fish or meat. The leaves and stems are burnt and the ash mixed with water then filtered and used as a tenderiser for other vegetables. The ash can be stored for several months.
Uses animal food dye material medicinal social use
Edible leaves stems
Therapeutic use Antiviral agents (aerial part), Malaria (aerial part), Diarrhea (apical part), Dyspepsia (apical part), Gastrointestinal diseases (bark), Jaundice (bark), Liver diseases (bark), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Antipyretics (leaf), Gastritis (leaf), Gastrointestinal diseases (leaf), Hematemesis (leaf), Jaundice (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Pneumonia (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Fever (leaf), Scabies (leaf), Antipyretics (root), Foodborne diseases (root), Gastrointestinal diseases (root), Jaundice (root), Liver diseases (root), Parasympatholytics (root), Antipyretics (stem), Liver diseases (stem), Bilious (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Heat (unspecified), Hepatitis (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Eruption (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Depression (unspecified), Gastritis (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Hepatomegaly (unspecified), Lymphadenitis (unspecified), Neophasia (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified), Irritable bowel syndrome (unspecified), Nervous system diseases (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Wound healing (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Antiemetics (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Antitussive agents (unspecified), Appetite stimulants (unspecified), Back pain (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Burns (unspecified), Common cold (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diabetes mellitus (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Dizziness (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Expectorants (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Gastrointestinal diseases (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Helminthiasis (unspecified), Hematologic diseases (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Lipid peroxidation (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Miliaria (unspecified), Pectoralis muscles (unspecified), Pneumonia (unspecified), Postpartum hemorrhage (unspecified), Psychophysiologic disorders (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Sexually transmitted diseases (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Sleep initiation and maintenance disorders (unspecified), Thirst (unspecified), Tonsillitis (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified), Urination disorders (unspecified), Uterine diseases (unspecified), Vomiting (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Cooling effect on body (unspecified), Analgesics (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antioxidants (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Elephantiasis (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Hydrocele (unspecified), Anthelmintics (whole plant), Antipyretics (whole plant), Appetite stimulants (whole plant), Fever (whole plant), Irritable bowel syndrome (whole plant), Jaundice (whole plant), Liver diseases (whole plant), Malaria (whole plant), Pain (whole plant), Skin diseases (whole plant), Typhoid fever (whole plant), Urologic diseases (whole plant), Vomiting (whole plant), Cooling effect on body (whole plant), Edema (whole plant), Nervous system diseases (whole plant), Rheumatic fever (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Oldenlandia corymbosa habit picture by pedrogc -- (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Oldenlandia corymbosa leaf picture by Mrs Lynch (cc-by-sa)
Oldenlandia corymbosa leaf picture by Mrs Lynch (cc-by-sa)
Oldenlandia corymbosa leaf picture by Mrs Lynch (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Oldenlandia corymbosa flower picture by Noé Simler (cc-by-sa)
Oldenlandia corymbosa flower picture by Mrs Lynch (cc-by-sa)
Oldenlandia corymbosa flower picture by Arvind Kulkarni (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Oldenlandia corymbosa fruit picture by Reis Pereira Arcenio (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Oldenlandia corymbosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Åland Islands, Andorra, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Maldives, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Nauru, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, eSwatini, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:757791-1
WFO ID wfo-0000254823
COL ID 492ZP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 635141
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Oldenlandia biflora Oldenlandia herbacea Hedyotis alsinifolia Gerontogea corymbosa Hedyotis biflora Hedyotis burmanniana Hedyotis corymbosa Hedyotis biflora var. graminicola Hedyotis biflora var. corymbosa Oldenlandia corymbosa

Lower taxons

Oldenlandia corymbosa var. caespitosa Oldenlandia corymbosa var. corymbosa Oldenlandia corymbosa var. linearis Oldenlandia corymbosa var. nana Oldenlandia corymbosa var. erecta Oldenlandia corymbosa var. tereticaulis