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Rhizome cylindrical, tapering from c. 3 mm in diameter, up to 40 mm long. Fronds 1-3; stipe subterranean for c. A its length, up to 160 mm long, often with a reddish tinge; stipe bases persistent; sterile lamina elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, up to 110 x 40 mm, acute to obtuse, mucronate, base broadly cuneate; venation apparent to a greater or lesser extent; fertile spike inserted at base of sterile lamina, up to 120 mm long, with up to 46 pairs of sporangia, apiculus 1-2 mm long, acuminate.
Bases; roots with proliferous buds. Leaves 1 or 2(3). Stipe up to 70 mm long, 40-60% of its length subterranean. Lamina dull or slightly glaucous green, held at 70-80° from the horizontal, elliptic to narrowly ovate, infrequently ovate, usually slightly folded medially and shallowly concave from above, up to 65 x 18 mm, apex acute to apiculate, base cuneate, margins flat or undulate. Fertile spike up to 70 mm long, with up to 23 sporangia pairs, apiculus up to 3 mm long.
Terrestrial. Rhizome cylindrical, with persistent old stipe bases. Leaves 1 or 2, erect, sterile lamina narrowly elliptic to lanceolate or sometimes narrowly ovate, 20-110 x 6.5-29.0 mm; fertile spike with 12-46 sporangium pairs; stipe 25-130 mm long, subterranean for one third to half of its length.
Perennial with spindle-shaped rhizome, with persistent leaf bases, roots proliferous. Leaves 1 or 2, tropophore elliptic to narrowly ovate, up to 60 mm long. Sporophore inserted at tropophore base, up to 100 mm long, with 11-36 sporangium pairs, apiculus acute.
Rhizome cylindrical, tapering from ± 3 mm in diameter, up to 40 mm long. Old stipe bases persistent. Fertile spike inserted at base of sterile lamina, wholly above ground level. Sterile lamina longer than 30 mm.
Perennial with fusiform rhizome, roots proliferous. Leaves 1 or 2, tropophore elliptic to narrowly ovate, to 6 cm long. Sporophore to 10 cm long, with 11-36 pairs of sporangia.
A fern. It has a rhizome or underground stem. There are 1-2 leaves. The leaf stalks are 10 cm long. They often have a reddish tinge.
