Orthoceras strictum R.Br.

Bird's-mouth orchid (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Orthoceras

Characteristics

Plant at fl. to 70 cm. tall. Tuber to 5 × 1 cm. Stem stiffly erect, axis of raceme often flexuous. Lvs linear-lanceolate to linear, channelled, acute, shorter than stem. Raceme to c. 20 cm. long; fls 2–12, well separated. Per. green to dull reddish, often with varying amounts of the two colours. Dorsal sepal 1–1.5 cm. long and almost as wide, deeply concave, subacute; laterals to twice as long, c. 0.5 mm. diam., semi-terete, erect or diverging. Petals narrow-oblong, flat, us. notched at tip. Labellum spreading or deflexed, of firm texture with smooth margins; lateral lobes broad, oblique; mid-lobe larger, ovate; median callus near base, shortly conical with thick tip turned inwards, often yellow; 2 smaller lateral basal calli us. present. Processes of column-wings linear, ± papillose, almost as long as anther.
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Leaves 2–5, in an erect tuft, 150–300 × 2–3 mm, grass-like, channelled. Flower stem 300–600 mm, rigid, yellowish or blackish, 1–9-flowered. Flowers 8–10 mm across, usually brownish or blackish, occasionally yellowish green or completely black apart from labellum. Dorsal sepal projected forwards, deeply concave, 9–12 × 8–10 mm, strongly hooded over column. Lateral sepals erect, outcurved or spreading, terete to terete-spathulate and horn-like, 20–25 × 1 mm, margins strongly incurved or inrolled. Petals hidden within dorsal sepal, 4–5 × 2–3 mm, tips blunt or notched. Labellum 10–12 mm long, 3-lobed; lateral lobes 5–6 × 1.5 mm; midlobe strongly recurved, 4.5–6 × 4–5 mm, with prominent yellow central patch, margins incurved. Column 4.5–5.5 × 3–4 mm; column wings narrow, papillate.
A ground orchid. It grows 30-60 cm high. There are 2-5 leaves. These are narrow, like threads. They are 15-30 cm long by 2-3 mm wide. They occur in a tuft near the base. They are bright green and have a channel. The flowering stalk is 60 cm tall. It is stiff and bears 1-9 flowers. The flowers are 1 cm across and yellowish-green or dark brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.65
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Environment

Widespread and often locally common; found growing among shrubs, tussocks and sedges in open forest, woodland and heath in a range of soils, from freely draining loam in drier sites to moisture-retentive sand and loam; also among grass and sedges in seasonally wet flats or swamps and swamp margins in clay and peat.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in button grass and sedgy heathland. It is often on poorly drained soils. It can survive fires.
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Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

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Images

Orthoceras strictum unspecified picture

Distribution

Orthoceras strictum world distribution map, present in Australia and New Zealand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:649495-1
WFO ID wfo-0000261037
COL ID 6SWTF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 673346
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Orthoceras strictum