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Leaves decussate or in whorls of 3(4), sometimes pseudo-verticillate; blades erect, ascending or spreading, (7)10–33 x 1.6–13 mm., ovate to ovate-lanceolate, broadest at lower third or near middle, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, glabrous or hairy on midvein, lateral veins and (occasionally) upper surface; petioles 0–1.5(2) mm.; stipular sheath with 3(4–5) small setae.
Perennial herb, subshrub or dwarf shrub, usually many-stemmed, ± erect, sometimes forming cushions or mats, with an often branched, massive woody base, distinctly yellow in cross section.
Inflorescence several-to many-flowered, head-like, (1)2–4 cm. in diam. when in flower, often much elongated, spike-like, 3–5(12) cm. long when in fruit.
Calyx: enlarged, foliaceous lobe (3.5)4–8 x 0.8–2.2(3) mm., ovate-lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, often glabrous, setiform lobes c. 0.2–1 mm. long.
Seed black, (1)1.2–1.8 x 0.4–0.8 mm., ± ovoid, dorsal side convex, ± keeled, ventral side flat or concave.
Stems 10–90 cm. long, unbranched to ± much-branched, with hairs in 2 rows or hairy all over.
Fruit greenish to brownish; mericarps 1.5–2.5 x 0.6–1.2 mm.
Bud claviform, limb and tube not distinct from each other.
