Oxalis acetosella L.

Wood-sorrel (en), Alleluia (fr), Oxalide petite-oseille (fr), Pain de coucou (fr), Oxalis petite-oseille (fr), Pain-de-coucou (fr), Surelle (fr), Oseille des bois (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Oxalidales > Oxalidaceae > Oxalis

Characteristics

Perennials 8-15 cm tall, stemless. Rhizome creeping under-ground, slender, mostly covered with fleshy pale brown scalelike remains of leaf bases, ca. 1 mm thick not including scales, ca. 3 mm thick including scales; scales pale brown, sparsely strigose. Petiole 3-15 cm; leaflet blades obcordate, 0.5-2 × 0.8-3 cm, apex deeply emarginate; lobe apices rounded. Flowers solitary, nodding; peduncle as long as or longer than leaves; bracts at middle of flowering stalk, lanceolate, ca. 3 mm, with trichomes around apex. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, persistent. Petals white, lilac to pinkish veined, obovate, (1.2-)1.5-2.2 cm, apex retuse to deeply emarginate. Capsule angular-ovoid, 3-4 mm. Seeds light brown, ovoid, longitudinally ridged. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 22.
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Perennial from a slender scaly rhizome; lvs few, all basal, long-petioled; lfls sparsely pilose; peduncles 1-fld, 6–15 cm, slightly surpassing the lvs, 2-bracteate above the middle; pet mostly white, veined with pink, 10–15 mm, shallowly retuse at the oblique tip; cleistogamous fls produced late in the season on short recurved peduncles; 2n=22. Rich moist woods (especially spruce-fir); e. Que. to N.Y., Mich., Wis., and Sask., s. in the mts. to N.C. and Tenn.; widely distributed in Eurasia. (O. montana, the Amer. phase)
A low growing plant. It is 5-10 cm high. It keeps growing from year to year. The leaves are small and shamrock shaped. The leaves have 3 heart shaped leaflets. They are initially folded in the middle. The leaves fold up at night and in strong sun or heavy rain. The flowers have 5 petals and are white. The flowers are bell shaped and have fine purple veins. The seed husks are yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread autochory
Mature width (meter) 0.2 - 0.4
Mature height (meter) 0.08 - 0.11
Root system creeping-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is native to northern temperate regions. It grows in damp and shady places. It is often on forest floors. In Pakistan it grows in shady places between 1,200-2,500 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 3-10. In Yunnan.
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Moist woods, moorland and on shady rocks.
Light 2-6
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-8

Usage

The leaves are added to salads. They are also used in soups and sauces. The dried leaves are used for tea. CAUTION: Because the leaves contain oxalic acid they should be eaten cautiously or cooked in several changes of water. The leaves can be used to curdle sheep's milk.
Uses food medicinal poison seasoning tea wood
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Cancer (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified), Homeopathy (unspecified), Liver (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Quinsy (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Urogenital (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Lip (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Common cold (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Hemostasis (unspecified), Lip neoplasms (unspecified), Liver injury (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Urinary tract infections (unspecified), Cooling effect on body (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (aerial)
Animal toxicity toxic (aerial)

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -25
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Oxalis acetosella habit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella habit picture by Petr Smetana (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella habit picture by Jenn (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Oxalis acetosella leaf picture by Agnieszka Wojciechowicz (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella leaf picture by Сидорчик Наталия (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella leaf picture by Liv Living (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Oxalis acetosella flower picture by joanne Richard (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella flower picture by Miha Leitinger (cc-by-sa)
Oxalis acetosella flower picture by Josef Pferscher (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Oxalis acetosella fruit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Oxalis acetosella world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Belarus, Bhutan, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iceland, Japan, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, North Macedonia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30012601-2
WFO ID wfo-0000387238
COL ID 6TFBM
BDTFX ID 47095
INPN ID 111859
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Oxalis acetosella Oxalis fragrans Acetosella alba Oxalis montana f. rhodantha Oxalis leucolepis Oxalis acetosella f. rosea Oxalis americana Oxalis taquetii Oxys acetosella Oxalis parviflora Oxys pliniana Oxys alba Oxalis nemoralis Oxalis vulgaris Oxalis alba Oxalis acetosella subsp. montana Oxalis acetosella subsp. acetosella Oxalis acetosella var. parviflora Oxalis acetosella var. rosea Oxalis acetosella var. subpurpurascente Oxalis acetosella var. caerulea Oxalis acetosella var. violacea Oxalis acetosella var. vegeta Oxalis acetosella var. longicapsula