Panax trifolius L.

Dwarf ginseng (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Araliaceae > Panax

Characteristics

Androdioecious; root globose; stem 1–2 dm; lfls 3–5, sessile or nearly so, lanceolate to elliptic or oblanceolate, 4–8 cm, obtuse or subacute, finely serrate; peduncle 2–8 cm; fls white or tinged with pink, often unisexual; styles usually 3; fr yellow, 5 mm thick; 2n=24. Rich woods and bottomlands; Que. and N.S. to Minn., s. to Pa., Ind., and Io., and along the mts. to Ga. Apr., May.
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A perennial herb that grows 20 cm high. The leaves are in rings of three. They are 8 cm long. Each leaf is divided into 3-5 leaflets. These have coarse teeth. Plants have both sexes but individual flowers can be only male. The flowers are white.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in woods and damp places. It suits hardiness zone 4.
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Rich, moist woods and damp clearings.
Light 1-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-5

Usage

The root is boiled in salty water then eaten. It tastes like nuts. They are also eaten raw.
Uses medicinal
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Kidney Aid (root), Other (root), Pulmonary Aid (root), Stimulant (root), Venereal Aid (root), Hunting Medicine (root), Hemostat (root), Tuberculosis Remedy (tuber), Analgesic (unspecified), Antirheumatic (Internal) (unspecified), Breast Treatment (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Liver Aid (unspecified), Misc. Disease Remedy (unspecified), Other (unspecified), Pediatric Aid (unspecified), Pulmonary Aid (unspecified), Sports Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by division of the clump.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Panax trifolius habit picture by Matthias Foellmer (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Panax trifolius leaf picture by Nathali Ruel (cc-by-sa)
Panax trifolius leaf picture by Megan Donaldson (cc-by-sa)
Panax trifolius leaf picture by Barbara Norman (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Panax trifolius flower picture by Megan Donaldson (cc-by-sa)
Panax trifolius flower picture by Jamie (cc-by-sa)
Panax trifolius flower picture by Chris E (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Panax trifolius world distribution map, present in Canada, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Malaysia, Nicaragua, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:281988-2
WFO ID wfo-0000263739
COL ID 4C9NF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Aralia trifolia Aralia triphylla Panax lanceolatus Panax pusillus Ginseng trifolium Panax trifolius var. roseus Panax trifolium var. roseus Panax trifolius