Papaver dubium L.

Long-headed poppy (en), Petit coquelicot (fr), Pavot douteux (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Papaveraceae > Papaver

Characteristics

Plant annual, caulescent, sometimes subscapose, to 0.7 m high, hirsute to hispid, without prickles. Stems simple or branching. Leaves to 20 cm long; basal and lower cauline laminae pinnately lobed; upper cauline laminae pinnately or bipinnately lobed, not stem-clasping; lobes not prickle-tipped. Peduncle spreading-to ascending-hispid proximally, strongly appressed-hispid distally. Petals to 30 mm long, orange to red, rarely with dark basal spot. Stamens: filaments purple, filiform; anthers violet. Ovary glabrous; stigmas 7–9; disc ± flat. Capsule sessile or substipitate, narrowly obovoid, to 2 cm long, 2 or more times longer than wide, usually distinctly ribbed, glabrous.
More
Annual herb; rosette usually present; stems erect, finely hispid, 20-30-(80) cm tall. Lvs ± glaucous, petiolate especially the lower, 5-10-(15) × 2-7-(10) cm. Lamina oblanceolate or lanceolate to ovate, abruptly narrowed at base, deeply 1-2-pinnatisect, hispid. Pedicels 10-30-(45) cm long, hispid; hairs spreading in lower ⅓, appressed above. Sepals hispid, (5)-15-20 × (3)-10-15 mm. Petals red, 1-3 × 1-3 cm, with basal blotch faint or 0. Capsule clavate to oblong-obovoid, widest above 1/2 way, slightly ribbed, glabrous, (7)-15-25 × (3)-5-10 mm. Stigmatic disc = width of capsule, conic at first, flat when ripe; rays (4)-5-8-(10).
Sparingly branched, ± hispid annual 3–6 dm; lvs pinnately divided, the pinnae toothed to deeply incised; peduncles appressed-hairy above; buds under 2 cm; pet 1.5– (–3.5) cm, red to pink or red-orange, often with a basal dark spot; anthers purple; fr glabrous, 1.5–2.2 cm, obconic or narrowly obovoid, not strongly ribbed; stigmatic rays 5–9; 2n=42. Native of Europe, sparingly intr. or escaped in waste places in our range. May–Aug.
An annual herb. It grows 30-60 cm tall. It can have a few branches from low down. The latex is milky. The leaves are divided into deep lobes. They are 7-15 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. The flower buds are oval. The flowers are 2-3 cm across. They are at the end of the branches. They are pink or red with a dark blotch. The fruit is an oblong capsule. It is 15-20 mm long. The seeds are very small.
Plants to 7 dm, hirsute to hispid. Stems simple or branching. Leaves to 20 cm. Inflorescences: peduncle proximally spreading-hispid, distally appressed-hispid. Flowers: petals orange to red, rarely with dark basal spot, to 3 cm; anthers violet; stigmas 7-9, disc ± flat. Capsules sessile or substipitate, narrowly obovoid, usually distinctly ribbed, to 2 cm, 2 times or more longer than broad.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.45 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Occurs along roadsides, railways, stream edges, in cultivated fields, lawns, dumps and clearings, on flats, slopes, and ridges; in gravel, ballast, sand, loam and clay; to 600 m alt.
More
A weed of arable fields, especially amongst cereal crops, and of waste places.
It is a temperate plant. In Argentina it grows below 500 m above sea level.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The young shoots are eaten in salads. They are also cooked with olive oil and used in pies. The petals are used in syrups.
Uses medicinal oil
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Hypohidrosis (flower), Convulsant (unspecified), Homeopathy (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Paralyzant (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (unknown strength) (whole)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 9 - 22
Germination temperacture (C°) 14
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Papaver dubium habit picture by Sastre Oriol (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium habit picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium habit picture by yvon s (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Papaver dubium leaf picture by Dennis (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium leaf picture by Sebastian Uel (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium leaf picture by Marco Elerdini (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Papaver dubium flower picture by Dennis (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium flower picture by Shei la vie (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium flower picture by Mohammed Chabane (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Papaver dubium fruit picture by Patrick Flament (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium fruit picture by Christophe Rollier (cc-by-sa)
Papaver dubium fruit picture by Monteiro Henrique (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Papaver dubium world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Australia, Austria, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Greece, India, North Macedonia, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Slovakia, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:673488-1
WFO ID wfo-0000480422
COL ID 6TM7X
BDTFX ID 47737
INPN ID 112303
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Papaver modestum Papaver angustulum Papaver improperum Papaver lamottei Papaver depressum Papaver agreste Papaver parviflorum Papaver obtusifolium Papaver maculosum Papaver luteorubrum Papaver raripilum Papaver glaucioides Papaver vagum Papaver collinum Papaver apicigemmatum Papaver hirto-dubium Papaver erroneum Papaver medium Papaver mixtum Cerastites dubius Cerastites laciniatus Papaver dubium subsp. austromoravicum Papaver arenarium var. modestum Papaver albiflorum subsp. austromoravicum Papaver dubium

Lower taxons

Papaver dubium subsp. glabrum Papaver dubium subsp. lecoqii Papaver dubium subsp. stevenianum