Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) Seem.

Cuachilote (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Bignoniaceae > Parmentiera

Characteristics

Small tree, branchlets terete, the nodes armed with a thick thorn subtending each leaf, the leaves opposite or subopposite, mostly 3-foliolate, a few simple, the leaflets elliptic-obovate, acute to obtuse, the base cuneate or attenuate, ter-minal leaflet 3.4-4.7 cm long, lateral leaflets 2.1-4.7 cm long, with barbate cham-bers in the nerve axils beneath; petiolules lacking, petiole 1.3-3.5 cm long, strongly grooved on top but not winged. Inflorescence a few-flowered fascicle or reduced to a single flower, terminal or axillary near the branch tips, or from nodes of old wood. Flowers with the calyx basically spathaceous, sometimes additionally split, ca. 3 cm long; corolla white, campanulate, 5-6 cm long and 2-2.5 cm wide at the mouth; stamens subexserted, the anther thecae somewhat divergent, thick, ovary oblong-linear, lepidote, the ovules multiseriate in each locule. Fruit to 17 cm long, more than 3 cm in diameter when fresh, curved, costate with thick ribs.
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A small evergreen tree. It grows 5-10 m high. It has a spreading crown. The trunk can be 8 cm across. The leaf stalks have narrow wings. The leaves are in rings on short spiny twigs. The leaves have 1-4 leaflets. They are 5 cm long. The flowers and fruit grow from the trunk or singly at the ends of branches. The flowers are large and irregular and bell shaped. They are up to 6 cm long. They usually occur . The tube shaped flowers are yellowish green with purple stripes. The fruit are pointed and yellowish green. The fruit are candle shaped and 12 cm long by 7 cm wide. The fruit is waxy. They are dull yellow and short and plump with ridges like okra. It has many angles and grooves.
Tree 7-8 m. Leaves articulated with very hard, thorny extension of the nodal bark, the latter remaining a permanent, ascending, sharp thorn; leaflets elliptic, narrowed at both ends, 2-5 by 1-3 cm; axillary fascicled leaves mostly simple. Flowers 1-several together, terminal, axillary or on branches or stem. Calyx spathaceous, 3-5 cm; corolla white, 6-7 cm. Berry pendent, cylindric, curved, costate with thick ribs, 8-17 cm by over 3 cm Ø.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 9.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in the humid lowlands. It is native to Central America. It needs a frost free site. It needs reasonable drainage. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 750 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 11-12. In Rockhampton Botanical gardens.
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Moist or dry thickets or lowland forest, often along rocky watercourses, chiefly at elevations around 1,200 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten raw, cooked by boiling or roasted, and preserved or pickled. They are chewed like sugarcane.
Uses food material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Cold (unspecified), Deafness (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Diabetes (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Homeopathy (unspecified), Typhoid (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants grow easily from seed. They can also be grown by cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Parmentiera aculeata flower picture by Julio Moguel Yanes (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Parmentiera aculeata fruit picture by Julio Moguel Yanes (cc-by-sa)
Parmentiera aculeata fruit picture by floral hardy (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Parmentiera aculeata world distribution map, present in Australia, Mexico, North Macedonia, Panama, and Philippines

Conservation status

Parmentiera aculeata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:110241-1
WFO ID wfo-0000779463
COL ID 99RD8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 953693
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Parmentiera aculeata Crescentia aculeata Parmentiera foliolosa Parmentiera lanceolata Crescentia musaecarpa Crescentia edulis Parmentiera edulis Crescentia edulis